(Mark One) ☒ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934For the fiscal year endedDecember 31,2024OR TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROMTO Commission File Number001-38139 Byline Bancorp, Inc. (Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter) 36-3012593(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) Delaware(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (773)244-7000 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.YES☒NO☐ Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act.YES☐NO☒Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for thepast 90 days.YES☒NO☐Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files).YES☒NO☐Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2of the Exchange Act. If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revisedfinancial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.☐Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-OxleyAct (15 U.S.C. 7262(b))by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its auditreport☒ If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflectthe correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.☐Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b).☐ Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).YES☐NO☒The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the Registrant, based on the closing price of the Registrant’s The number of shares of Registrant’s common stock outstanding as of February 25, 2025 was44,683,741.Portions of the Registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement relating to its 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, scheduled to be held on June 3, 2025, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Report. Table of Contents PART I Item 1.BusinessItem 1A.Risk FactorsItem 1B.Unresolved Staff CommentsItem 1C.CybersecurityItem 2.PropertiesItem 3.Legal ProceedingsItem 4.Mine Safety Disclosures PART II Item 5.Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of EquitySecurities32Item 6.[Reserved]33Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations34Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk62Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data64Item 9.Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure129Item 9A.Controls and Procedures129Item 9B.Other Information129Item 9C.Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections129 PART III Item 10.Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance129Item 11.Executive Compensation130Item 12.Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters131Item 13.Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence131Item 14.Principal Accounting Fees and Services131 PART IV Item 15.Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules132Item 16.Form 10-K Summary134Signatures135 Table of Contents Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements Statements contained in this report and in other documents we file with or furnish to the Securities and Exchange Commission