如何在脆弱性、冲突和暴力环境中最大化适应性社会保护的影响

KEY RECOMMENDATIONS1 In recent years, violent conflict has spiked significantly,affecting low-income countries in particular, and shaping anincreasingly complex fragility landscape.By 2030, over halfof the world’s extreme poor are expected to live in countriesexperiencing fragility, conflict, and violence (FCV). Conflict andpoverty are strongly interconnected; not only does conflictcompound experiences of poverty, but economic instability,resource scarcity, and state weakness also exacerbate conflictdynamics. In the Sahel, one of the poorest and most conflict-affected regions in the world, countries additionally face highvulnerability to climate change and other shocks, and a growinginflux of refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs) isplacing further strain on limited services and resources. has increased its support to ASP systems in Sahelian countriesexperiencing FCV. To deepen our understanding of ASP impactsin FCV settings, the Sahel Adaptive Social Protection Program(SASPP) conducted almost 400 in-depth qualitative interviewswith ASP program beneficiaries in Burkina Faso and Cameroon. The following recommendations, drawn from analysis of theseinterviews, can maximize the impacts of ASP in FCV settings: •Consider providing longer term and greater support forhouseholds experiencing significant conflict and insecurity. •Incorporate flexibility into program objectives and anticipate theneed to adapt programs to changing security environments. •Make deliberate efforts to design programs that strengthensocial cohesion. Adaptive social protection (ASP) has been proven to have strongpositive impacts on poverty and vulnerability globally and in theSahel, but its impact in FCV settings is less documented. TheWorld Bank’s Social Protection and Jobs (SPJ) Global Practice •Strengthen communication to boost trust in government andreinforce the social contract. Violent conflict has spiked significantly in recent years,particularly in low-income countries, and the fragility landscapeis becoming increasingly complex.By 2030, it is estimated thatalmost 60 percent of the world’s extreme poor will live in countriesexperiencing fragility, conflict and violence (FCV). In 2024 alone,inflation and worsening climate impacts are expected to furtherreduce income per capita in low-income FCV countries.1Low-incomeFCV countries, including in the Sahel, face a multitude of overlappingshocks and challenges, exacerbated by insecurity and fragility, anddisproportionately affecting the poorest and most vulnerable. Thisis compounded by a growing number of refugees and internallydisplaced persons (IDPs), placing further strain on limited servicesand resources. and the channels through which they materialize is critical toadapting their design and implementation processes to maximizetheir impacts. To better understand the role social safety nets can play in FCVenvironments, the Sahel Adaptive Social Protection Program(SASPP) conducted almost 400 in-depth qualitative interviewswith ASP program beneficiaries in Burkina Faso and Cameroon.This study complements the existing literature, summarized in “TheImpact of Social Safety Nets on Economic, Social and PoliticalOutcomes in Fragile, Conflict and Violent Contexts: A Review ofthe Evidence”. Interviews were undertaken in Burkina Faso, in theprovinces of Yatenga and Passore (Nord region) between July andNovember 2022, and in the provinces of Ngaoui, Dhojong andMeiganga (Adamaoua region) and Koza and Mora (Far North region)in Cameroon between January and April 2023. The interviews wereconducted with program beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries (withinbenefitting and non-benefitting villages), as well as with communityleaders. Sites were selected to reflect varying levels of insecurity andto include regions with high numbers of refugees or IDPs. Adaptive Social Protection (ASP) programs have demonstratedtheir ability to address poverty and some of its associatedvulnerabilities, but their impact in FCV contexts is lessdocumented.Staying engaged in FCV settings is essential topreserving economic and human capital gains. Recognizingthis, the World Bank Group Strategy for Fragility, Conflict, andViolence 2020-2025, highlights the Bank’s commitment tostaying engaged, whether in contexts experiencing longstandingFCV challenges or in settings only recently experiencing FCV-related shocks. As part of this effort, over the last decade, theWorld Bank’s Social Protection and Jobs (SPJ) Global Practicehas significantly increased its engagement in FCV countries.Understanding the impacts of ASP programs in FCV contexts Results and analysis of these interview are presented in the SPJDiscussion Paper, “Safety Nets in Contexts of Violence, Fragility andForced Displacement: The Case of Burkina Faso and Cameroon”.This policy note, informed by the discussion paper, summarizes keyfindings and recommendations to guide ASP operations and policyto maximize their impacts in FCV settings. CHANNELS THRO