Green Technology Book

GreenTechnologyBookEnergysolutions forclimate change This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International © WIPO, 2024 First published 2024 To view a copy of this license, please visithttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 World Intellectual Property Organization34, chemin des ColombettesP.O. Box 18CH-1211 Geneva 20Switzerland The user is allowed to reproduce, distribute, adapt, translate and publiclyperform this publication, including for commercial purposes, withoutexplicit permission, provided that the content is accompanied by anacknowledgement that WIPO is the source and that it is clearly indicated ifchanges were made to the original content. ISBN: 978-92-805-3688-1 (print)ISBN: 978-92-805-3689-8 (online) ISSN: 3005-9402 (print)ISSN: 3005-9410 (online) Suggested citation: World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) (2024).Green Technology Book: Energy Solutions for Climate Change. Geneva: WIPO.DOI10.34667/tind.50132 Adaptation/translation/derivatives should not carry any official emblem orlogo, unless they have been approved and validated by WIPO. Please contactus via theWIPO website to obtain permission. For any derivative work, please include the following disclaimer: “TheSecretariat of WIPO assumes no liability or responsibility with regard to thetransformation or translation of the original content.” When content published by WIPO, such as images, graphics, trademarksor logos, is attributed to a third party, the user of such content is solelyresponsible for clearing the rights with the right holder(s). Any dispute arising under this license that cannot be settled amicably shallbe referred to arbitration in accordance with Arbitration Rules of the UnitedNations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) then in force.The parties shall be bound by any arbitration award rendered as a result ofsuch arbitration as the final adjudication of such a dispute. The designations employed and the presentation of material throughoutthis publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoeveron the part of WIPO concerning the legal status of any country, territoryor area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiersor boundaries. This publication is not intended to reflect the views of the Member States orthe WIPO Secretariat. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does notimply that they are endorsed or recommended by WIPO in preference toothers of a similar nature that are not mentioned. WIPO Publication No. 1080EN/24 Cover: Getty Images / Jaakko Heikkilä, Anze Furlan/psgtproductions, marvinh Contents Foreword by WIPO 1. Green energy solutions for climate action25Energy technologies beyond renewable energy25International climate finance and cooperation31The role of innovation and intellectual propertyrights for clean energy technologies37 2. Green urban energy solutions42 Introduction42Smart energy in urban households44Green solutions for public spaces andinfrastructure59Energy efficiency for water utilities75 Executive summary Introductionand methodology21How we wrote the book22How we found thetechnologies22Disclaimer23Web links24 3. Green rural energy solutions91 Introduction91Green energy solutions for rural households95Climate-resilient solutions for rural communities115Green energy solutions for agriculture on-farm131Green energy solutions for agriculturepost-harvest150 4. Green energy solutions foressential services Introduction171Energy-efficient supermarkets173Green energy solutions for health care facilities189Energy smart data centers205 Bibliography223 Foreword by WIPO The energy transition is foreveryone. Technology andinnovation are democratizingthe process. Daren Tang, WIPO Director General Energy is a fundamental aspect of modern life. It powers everything from basic daily needsto complex industrial processes. But this dependency comes at a cost, with rising demandamplifying energy’s role as a leading source of the global greenhouse gas emissionsaccelerating climate change. In recognition of this, last year at COP28 nations pledged to triple renewable energy capacityand double global energy efficiency by 2030. But despite this commitment, the current adoptionrate of renewable energy and its enabling technologies is still insufficient to meet global climatetargets. Compounding this challenge, climate change is already affecting energy systems andinfrastructure, underscoring the urgent need for adaptive and innovative technologies thatbuild resilience and energy security. We know what needs to be done – our fossil fuel reliance needs to end, and the deploymentand scaling of clean energy technologies ramped up. Addressing the gap between developedand developing countries in technology development and adoption is also crucial, necessitatingenhanced international cooperation and more efficient technology transfer. This year’sGreen Technology Booksupports these efforts b