Regulating App-based Mobility: Case Studies from Bangkok, Manila and Phnom Penh

Regulating App-basedMobilityCase Studies fromBangkok, Manila andPhnom Penh Case-Specific Policy Analysis Regulating App-basedMobilityCase Studies fromBangkok, Manila andPhnom Penh Case-Specific Policy Analysis The International Transport Forum The International Transport Forum is an intergovernmental organisation with 69 member countries. It actsas a think tank for transport policy and organises the Annual Summit of transport ministers. ITF is the onlyglobal body that covers all transport modes. The ITF is politically autonomous and administrativelyintegrated with the OECD. The ITF works for transport policies that improve peoples’ lives. Our mission is to foster a deeperunderstanding of the role of transport in economic growth, environmental sustainability and socialinclusion and to raise the public profile of transport policy. The ITF organises global dialogue for better transport. We act as a platform for discussion and pre-negotiation of policy issues across all transport modes. We analyse trends, share knowledge and promoteexchange among transport decision makers and civil society. The ITF’s Annual Summit is the world’s largestgathering of transport ministers and the leading global platform for dialogue on transport policy. The Members of the Forum are: Albania, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus,Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, China (People’s Republic of),Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Czechia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, India, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Latvia,Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Republic of Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro,Morocco, the Netherlands, New Zealand, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia,Türkiye, Ukraine, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, the United States and Uzbekistan. International Transport Forum2 rue André PascalF-75775 Paris Cedex 16contact@itf-oecd.orgwww.itf-oecd.org Case-Specific Policy Analysis Reports The ITF’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series presents topical studies on specific issues carried out by theITF in agreement with local institutions. Any findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein arethose of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the International Transport Forum or theOECD. Neither the OECD, ITF nor the authors guarantee the accuracy of any data or other informationcontained in this publication and accept no responsibility whatsoever for any consequence of their use. This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the ITF. It is the result ofcooperation between the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and ITF as project partners. Theopinions expressed and the arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views ofproject partners. The material in this work is subject to copyright. To ensure the widest possible receptionof this important work, the project partners expressly endorse the use and disseminationof this reportand its findings in ways that further the objectives of the project. They also encourage and endorse its useand dissemination in appropriate, non-commercial forms by their respective member countries or statesand member organisations, but ask that proper acknowledgement is given to the project partners and thatany outputs making use of the report are shared with the project partners. This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of orsovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to thename of any territory, city or area. Cite this work as: ITF (2024), “Regulating app-based mobility: Case Studies from Bangkok, Manila, andPhnom Penh”,International Transport Forum Policy Papers,No. 139 OECD Publishing, Paris. Acknowledgements At the ITF, Matthew Ireland and Camille Combe authored this report, with research support from MelissaMontasser. Chris Wells provided technical support for design of selected figures. The report was reviewedby Elisabeth Windisch and copy-edited by Camille Larmanou. The authors thank the following experts for their research support and review of the report: •For input on metropolitan Bangkok: Dr. Tithiwach Tansawat, Country Manager for Thailand, andMr. Jehan Chuduang, Project-based Assistant, both from ALMEC Corpora�on.•For input on metropolitan Manila: Professor Sheilah Napalang of the School of Urban and RegionalPlanning- University of the Philippines; and Aia Lopez- University of the Philippines Diliman.•For input on metropolitan Phnom Penh: Ms. Pharinet Pheng- Department of Public Works andTransport;and Dr.Veng Kheang Phun-Department of Transport and InfrastructureEngineering,Ins�tute of Technol