OCEAN! - Part 2

OCEAN! Part 4: OceanandHeat Copyright Notice© 2024 Smithsonian Institution All rights reserved. First Edition 2024. Copyright NoticeNo part of this module, or derivative works of this module, may be used or reproduced for any purpose except fair use without permission in writing from the Smithsonian Science Education Center. Smithsonian Science Education Center greatly appreciates the efforts of all the individuals listed below in thedevelopment ofOcean! How can we create a sustainable future for the ocean?Part 4. Each contributed his or her expertiseto ensure this project is of the highest quality. For a full list of acknowledgments please refer to the acknowledgmentssection at the beginning of this guide. Smithsonian Science Education Center Module Development Staff Executive Director - Dr. Carol O’Donnell Division Director for Curriculum, Digital Media, andCommunications - Dr. Brian MandellScience Curriculum Developer - Heidi Gibson Contributing InternsAlexandra BarringtonNikki KanakisResearch MentorJan Marcin WęsławskiTechnical ReviewerDra. Karina Ramos Musalem The contributions of the Smithsonian Science Education Center staff, Project Advisors, Research Mentors, and TechnicalReviewers are found in the acknowledgments section. Image CreditsCover - AshleyWiley/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Placebo365/iStock/Getty Images Plus Figure 4.1 - United States Geological SurveyFigure 4.2 - Smithsonian Science Education CenterFigure 4.3 - Smithsonian Science Education CenterFigure 4.4 - blueringmedia/iStock/Getty Images PlusFigure 4.5 - Smithsonian Science Education CenterFigure 4.6 - Claire Lager, SmithsonianFigure 4.7 - Mike Henley, SmithsonianFigure 4.8 - Smithsonian Science Education CenterFigure 4.9 - blueringmedia/iStock/Getty Images Plus PART 4: OCEAN AND HEAT Planner Task 1:How does the ocean help regulate Earth’s temperature?129Discover:How does the global temperature regulationsystem affect my community?129Understand:How do ocean systems regulate temperature?133Act:How can we share the ocean’s role in keeping Earthcomfortable for us?140 Task 2:How will a warming ocean affect people and the planet?142Discover:How is my community vulnerable to impacts froma warming ocean?142 Understand:What are the concerns about a warming ocean?147 End Notes Glossary Find out More! For additional resources and activities, please visit theOcean!StoryMap atbit.ly/OCEAN2030. Planner Meet Your Research Mentor Meet Dr. Jan Marcin Węsławski. Marcin (pronouncedMar-CHIN) will be yourresearch mentor to help you understand more about the effect of temperatureand heat on Earth’s ocean. Marcin is the director of the Institute of Oceanology at the Polish Academy ofSciences. He studies arctic ecosystems and how climate change is impactingbiodiversity. He has a doctoral degree in biological oceanography. However, healso has knowledge and perspectives that come from other parts of his identity.Since Marcin is now working with you, it is important to understand who he is. Marcin's IdentityMap Task 1: How does the ocean help regulate Earth’stemperature? Have you ever gone into a body of water on a hot day and found it refreshingly cool?Have you ever waited impatiently for water to boil? Water has a highheat capacity.That means it takes a lot of heat energy to raise or lower the temperature of water.Water absorbs and releases heat much more slowly than land or air. This ability ofwater to absorb a lot of heat energy makes it aheat sink. The water of the ocean is the world’s largest and most important heat sink. Earth’stemperature and climate depend on the ocean’s ability to absorb energy in the form ofheat from the atmosphere. In this task you willdiscoverhow the ocean’s temperatureregulation role affects you and your local community. You will model the ocean’stemperature regulation tounderstandhow it works. Then you willactto share whatyou learned about the system of temperature and the ocean. Before you begin the rest of Part 4, think quietly to yourself about Marcin’s identitymap and compare it to yourPersonal Identity Map. • Are there things you have in common with Marcin?• Are there ways in which you are different from Marcin?• Can you see anything about Marcin’s identity that relates to understanding theocean system? Throughout Part 4 you will notice Marcin sharing ideas and experiences with you.He may help you understand better ways to do your research or share some of theresearch he has done. Discover:How does the global temperature regulation system affect mycommunity? Temperature affects our daily life and many things about our communities. The airtemperature outside can be an important part of many decisions you make. Even thoughthe temperature may change every day for you, there is still a range of how hot and cold itgets at your location. And in some places, temperatures change a lot in different seasons. 1. Think quietly to yourself, how hot does it get in your area? How cold does itget? What