2024低空经济及中国通用航空发展趋势报告

高远洋Yuanyang Gao 北京航空航天大学通用航空产业研究中心主任 中国航空器拥有者及驾驶员协会（AOPA-China）副秘书长 Director, General Aviation Industry Research Center, Beihang UniversityDeputy Secretary General, Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association Of China (AOPA-China) gyy@vip.sina.com, 13701308686 1.低空经济Low Altitude Airspace Economy 何为低空经济？ --低空开放背景下，利用低空空域资源发展通用航空，带动通用航空及其相关产业发展，并对相关经济领域产生协同发展效应的一种经济形态。 Low Altitude Airspace Economy — LAAE What’s is? LAAE is a kind of Economy pattern: Under AltitudeAirspace opening, utilizing Altitude Airspaceresource to develop General Aviation, drivingGeneral Aviation and related industry development,and causing coordination development affectionson other economic area. 1.低空经济Low Altitude Airspace Economy 低空经济的特征 是一种“立体经济”，包含了从“天”到“地”经济元素“天”—飞机、飞行员、乘客、货物、航油航材保障“地”—机场、FBO、MRO、通用飞机制造、航空社区“天-地”之间—空管、导航、气象、FSS Key Points of LAAE a kind of stereo economy, including the economy factorsfromSkytoGround. “Sky”—airplane、pilot、passenger、cargo、avi-gas…“Ground ”—airport、FBO、MRO、General Aviationmanufacturing, air park“Sky to Ground”—air traffic control, FSS, navigation, flight information service 1.低空经济Low Altitude Airspace Economy 低空经济的特征 产业涵盖领域广通用飞机—生产工具、交通工具、大玩具、奢侈品 通航市场—从公务航空、作业航空到航空运动，高富帅、屌丝人群经济影响广泛 就像是水融于大地，广泛融入社会经济的各个方面--工农林业、交通运输、旅游、消费、教育文 化、社会服务。。。。 Characteristic of LAAE Industry Cover WidelyGA Aircrafts — Both of the production tools, transportation tools, big toys, luxuries GA Market — from business jet to sport aviation, from rich man, business man, aviationfuns to common people, cover a widely market fieldEconomy effect extensively like water drop into ground, Its economic affection extensively integrate into the various aspects of society and economy — industy production, agriculture, forestry, transportation,tourism, consumer, education, culture, social service…… 1.低空经济Low Altitude Airspace Economy “低空经济”起源于中国/ LAAE originate from China. Why? 随着中国社会经济的发展，中国蕴藏着通用航空巨大的市场与社会需求。with the development of Chinese society and economy, there is great market needs for GA 受制于空域管制及基础设施条件限制，中国的通用航空发展滞后，是中国最后一个尚未放开发展的巨大产业Be restricted to the strict airspace control, Chinese GA cannot get proper development, is still a great industry not opening to development中国中央政府发出了开放低空空域的政策信号，随着中国低空空域的开放，中国通 用航空将迎来迅猛发展，低空经济现象有望在中国集中性体现Now, Chinese government released the policy signal of opening the low altitude airspace to development GA，with the altitude airspace opening,Chinese GA will get rapid development and LAAE phenomenon will likely appearconcentratedly in China 2.中国正成为全球通用航空最为重要的新兴市场China is going to be the most important GA market globally 2.中国正成为全球通用航空最为重要的新兴市场China is going to be the most important GA market globally “西边不亮东边量”，亚太地区市场增长迅猛，通用飞机交付量在全球的占比逐年上升 Contrast to thedecline of globalmarket, Asia-Pacific’s marketgrowth rapid, themarket share gotraised year and year. 2.中国正成为全球通用航空最为重要的新兴市场China is going to be the most important GA market globally 中国通用飞机保有量和增长量（2004-2013）•中国市场则是持续增长。2004-2013，年复合增长率达12.6%，2012-2013，年增长率23%Chinese market going up in 12.6% from 2004 2.中国正成为全球通用航空最为重要的新兴市场China is going to be the most important GA market globally 中国通用飞机未来需求预测The market prediction of GA aircrafts in China 3.中国也正成为全球通用航空产业链重要的一员China is also an important player of global GA industry chain 4.运营环境急待改善GA Operation Environment need to be improved The total flight hoursis 580 thousands in2013 over the country,the growth rate is only8%, behind the fleetgrowth 2013年全国飞行总量58万小时，较上年增长约8% 业务增长量滞后于机队规模的增长原因：新飞机买了，飞起来难，还没有派上用场许多新飞机是为开展新兴业务而买，新兴业务开展难 业务结构：目前主要集中在农林化、海上石油、训练飞行等传统业务领域。新兴业务—除公务机外，几乎还是空白 Many new aircrafts werebought, but remain on grounddue to the difficulties ofoperation -- Limited toAirspace control, inadequateinfrastructure, shortage ofpilots 受制于 空域管制、基础设施不足、飞行员短缺 5.中国通用航空目前发展态势The current situation of Chinese GA Development 中央政府政策信号强劲Strong policy signals fromCentral Government地方政府热情高涨Passionate local governments产业资本\投资基金高度关注High-attention from theindustrial capital / funds国外产业主力开始在中国布局Strategic layouts of foreignmain industrial powers in China 5.点-线-面--中国通用航空发展之路径Point-Line-Area— Chinese GA Developing route 政策试点/园区试点/通用航空机场单点建设 点 Point 从“点”看–呈星星之火之势 --珠海、武汉、南宁、渭南、广汉、法库、莱芜、安阳、千岛湖、厦门、北京、天津、海南、郑州。。。 More and more cities are starting orplanning to construct GAairports,but just in “points” not in “network” 仅仅单点开花、本场空域开放是不够的—能飞，但飞不出去 Only “point” – the limitedairspace’s opening - is not enough– can take off, but cannot fly out The point-to-point private flight’snormalization should be the keyto accomplish GA industry 只有实现点到点个人飞行，并达到低空飞行常态化，方能成就通用航空产业 5.点-线-面--中国通用航空发展之路径Point-Line-Area— Chinese GA Developing route 但，指望短期内全面性放开不现实 The expectation of fully opening of China’sairspace is unrealistic 更为现实可行的做法：由点到线，划设区域性低空飞行航线，开辟非定期固定飞行业务。Feasible solution: From point to line, set upthe regional low-altitude flying route, andoperate fixed flying tasks regularly Line 重要进展Important progress 目前已在珠海、海南、宁波等地划设了目视飞行低空航线Now there are some VFRflight