World malaria report 2023

World malaria report 2023 ISBN 978-92-4-008617-3 (electronic version)ISBN 978-92-4-008618-0 (print version) © World Health Organization 2023 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercialpurposes, provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there shouldbe no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the WHOlogo is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then you must license your work under the same or equivalentCreative Commons licence. If you create a translation of this work, you should add the following disclaimeralong with the suggested citation: “This translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO).WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall bethe binding and authentic edition”. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordance with themediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization (https://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules/). Suggested citation.World malaria report 2023. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2023. Licence:CCBY-NC-SA3.0IGO. Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data.CIP data are available at https://apps.who.int/iris. Sales, rights and licensing.To purchase WHO publications, see https://apps.who.int/bookorders. To submitrequests for commercial use and queries on rights and licensing, see https://www.who.int/copyright. Third-party materials.If you wish to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such astables, figures or images, it is your responsibility to determine whether permission is needed for that reuseand to obtain permission from the copyright holder. The risk of claims resulting from infringement of anythird-party-owned component in the work rests solely with the user. General disclaimers.The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publicationdo not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WHO concerning the legal statusof any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers orboundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may notyet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they areendorsed or recommended by WHO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by WHO to verify the information contained in this publication.However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed orimplied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no eventshall WHO be liable for damages arising from its use. Design and layout: Claude CardotCover design: Lushomo Map production: WHO Global Malaria Programme and WHO GIS Centre for Health, DNA/DDI World malariareport 2023 Contents ForewordviAcknowledgementsixAbbreviations and acronymsxivThis year’s report at a glancexvi 1.Introduction1 2.Overview ofkeyevents in2022–20232 2.1The Global Malaria Programme operational strategy22.2New WHO recommendations on vector control22.3Rollout of the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine32.4WHO recommendation for a second malaria vaccine, R21/Matrix-M32.5WHO’s updated position on the COVID-19 pandemic42.6Other humanitarian and health emergencies4 3.Global trends inthe burden ofmalaria 6 3.1Global estimates of malaria cases and deaths, 2000–202283.2Estimated malaria cases and deaths in the WHO African Region, 2000–2022123.3Estimated malaria cases and deaths in the WHO South-East Asia Region, 2000–2022143.4Estimated malaria cases and deaths in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2000–2022163.5Estimated malaria cases and deaths in the WHO Western Pacific Region, 2000–2022183.6Estimated malaria cases and deaths in the WHO Region of the Americas, 2000–2022203.7Estimated malaria cases and deaths in the WHO European Region, 2000–2022223.8Cases and deaths averted since 2000, globally and by WHO region223.9Burden of malaria in pregnancy24 4.Elimination28 4.1Nearing elimination284.2Malaria elimination certification284.3E-2025 initiative304.4P. knowlesidisease burden and transmission344.6Prevention of re-establishment36 5.High burden to high impact countries40 5.1Malaria burden in HBHI countries405.2Subnational tailoring support to countries42 6.Investments in malaria programmes andresearch44 6.1Funding trends for malaria control and