Artificial Intelligence Law of the People’s Republic of China (Draft for Suggestions from Scholars)

TranslationThefollowingdocumentisapreliminarydraftofChina’sproposedAILawthathascirculatedamonglegalscholars.ThedraftlawspecifiesvariousscenariosinwhichAIdevelopers,providers,orusersareliableformisuseofAItools.Italsoallowsfortheuseofcopyrightedmaterialformodeltraininginmostcases,andprovidesintellectualpropertyprotectionsforcontentcreatedwiththeassistanceofAItechnology.TitleArtificialIntelligenceLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChina(DraftforSuggestionsfromScholars)中华人民共和国人工智能法（学者建议稿）AuthorsDraftingExpertGroup(起草专家组)comprisedofProfessorZhangLinghan(张凌寒)ofChinaUniversityofPoliticalScienceandLaw(中国政法大学),ProfessorYangJianjun(杨建军)ofNorthwestUniversityofPoliticalScienceandLaw(西北政法大学),SeniorEngineerChengYing(程莹)ofChinaAcademyofInformationandCommunicationsTechnology(CAICT;中国信息通信研究院;中国信通院),AssociateProfessorZhaoJingwu(赵精武)ofBeijingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics(BeihangUniversity;北京航空航天大学),AssociateProfessorHanXuzhi(韩旭至)ofEastChinaUniversityofPoliticalScienceandLaw(华东政法大学),ProfessorZhengZhifeng(郑志峰)ofSouthwestUniversityofPoliticalScience&Law(西南政法大学),andAssociateProfessorXuXiaoben(徐小奔)ofZhongnanUniversityofEconomicsandLaw(中南财经政法大学)SourceOfficialWeChat(微信)accountoftheDigitalRuleofLawInstituteatEastChinaUniversityofPoliticalScienceandLaw(华东政法大学数字法治研究院),March16,2024TheChinesesourcetextisavailableonlineat:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/2i9zAXJ5dJKlKNMf4ppUDwAnarchivedversionoftheChinesesourcetextisavailableonlineat:https://perma.cc/L9E4-5K3VU.S.$1≈7.2ChineseYuanRenminbi(RMB),asofMay2,2024.TranslationDateMay2,2024TranslatorEtceteraLanguageGroup,Inc.EditorBenMurphy,CSETTranslationManagerArtificialIntelligenceLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChina(DraftforSuggestionsfromScholars)Chapter1GeneralProvisionsArticle1LegislativeIntent1 ThisLawisenactedinaccordancewiththeConstitutioninordertopromotetechnologicalinnovationinartificialintelligence(AI),facilitatethehealthydevelopmentoftheAIindustry,regulateAIproductandservicedevelopment,provision,anduseactivities,aswellastheirsupervisionandmanagement,safeguardnationalsecurityandthepublicinterest,andprotectthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofindividualsandorganizations.Article2ScopeofApplicationThisLawappliestoAIdevelopment,provision,anduseactivitieswithin1thePeople’sRepublicofChina(PRC),andtothesupervisionandmanagementthereof.ThisLawappliestothoseAIdevelopment,provision,anduseactivitiesoutside2thePRCthatmayaffectthenationalsecurityorpublicinterestsof,orthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofindividualsororganizationsin,thePRC.Article3PrincipleofScientificandTechnologicalEthicsThedevelopmentofAIshall(应当)adheretoapeople-centered(以人为本)approach,respectpersonalfreedomanddignity,promotethewell-beingofthepeople,andprovideassuranceforthepublicinterest,soastoguideandregulatethehealthyandorderlydevelopmentoftheAIindustry.AIdevelopers,providers,andusersshallpreventandcontrolthepossibleethicalrisksofAIinaccordancewithlaw.Article4PrincipleofInnovativeDevelopmentTheStateimplementsinclusiveandprudentialsupervision,encouragesandsupportstheinnovation-baseddevelopmentoftheAIindustry,andassuresthesafety3ofAI.Article5PrincipleofFairnessandImpartialityAIdevelopers,providers,andusersshalladheretotheprincipleoffairnessandimpartialityandprotectthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofindividualsandorganizations,andshallnotpracticeunreasonabledifferentialtreatment.3Translator’snote:TheChineseword安全canmeaneither“safety”or“security.”Thetranslatorhastranslatedthiswordonewayortheotheronacase-by-casebasisthroughoutthistranslation.2Translator'snote:TheChineseword境外jìngwài,translatedthroughoutas"outsidethePRC,"literallymeans"outsidetheborders[ofmainlandChina]."ThetermencompassesnotjustforeigncountriesbutalsoHongKong,Macao,andTaiwan.1Translator'snote:TheChineseword境內jìngnèi,translatedthroughoutas"withinthePRC,"literallymeans"insidetheborders[ofmainlandChina]."ChinaconsidersHongKong,Macao,andTaiwantobepartofChinabutnottobe"withinthePRC."2 Article6PrincipleofTransparencyandExplainability4AIdevelopers,providers,andusersshalladheretotheprincipleoftransparencyandexplainability,andshall,inaccordancewithlaw,provideandexplainthebasicinformation,purposeandintent,andmainoperatingmechanismsofAIproductsandservicesinanappropriatemanner.Article7PrincipleofSafetyandAccountabilityAIdevelopers,providers,andusersshall,inaccordancewithlaw,adoptthenecessarytechnicalmeansandmanagementmeasurestoensurethesafetyandreliabilityofAIproductsandservices.AIdevelopers,providers,andusersshall,inaccordancewithlaw,bearthecorrespondinglegalliabilitiesfordevelopment,provisioning,anduseactivities.Article8PrincipleofProperUseAIdevelopers,providers,andusersshallcomplywithlawsandregulations,respectsocialmoralityandethics,complywithbusinessethicsandprofessionalethics,behonestandtrustworthy,fulfilltheirobligationtoprotectAIsecurity,andshouldertheirresponsibilitytosociety,andshallnotjeopardizenationalsecurityorthepublicinterest,orharmthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofindividualsandorganizations.AIdevelopersareencouragedtoembedusagerestrictionsinproductdesignstopreventusersfromutilizingAI