Uganda Energy Transition Plan

Uganda EnergyTransition Plan INTERNATIONAL ENERGYAGENCY The IEA examines thefull spectrumof energy issuesincluding oil, gas andcoal supply anddemand, renewableenergy technologies,electricity markets,energy efficiency,access to energy,demand sidemanagement andmuch more. Throughits work, the IEAadvocates policies thatwill enhance thereliability, affordabilityand sustainability ofenergy in its31member countries,13associationcountries and beyond. IEA membercountries: IEA associationcountries: AustraliaAustriaBelgiumCanadaCzech RepublicDenmarkEstoniaFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIrelandItalyJapanKoreaLithuaniaLuxembourgMexicoNetherlandsNew ZealandNorwayPolandPortugalSlovak RepublicSpainSwedenSwitzerlandRepublic of TürkiyeUnited KingdomUnited States ArgentinaBrazilChinaEgyptIndiaIndonesiaKenyaMoroccoSenegalSingaporeSouth AfricaThailandUkraine This publication and anymap included herein arewithout prejudice to thestatus of or sovereignty overany territory, to thedelimitation of internationalfrontiers and boundaries andto the name of any territory,city or area. The EuropeanCommission alsoparticipates in thework of the IEA Revised version,December2023Information notice found at:www.iea.org/corrections Source: IEA.International Energy AgencyWebsite: www.iea.org Abstract Uganda’sEnergy Transition Plan(ETP)is a strategic roadmap for thedevelopmentand modernisation of Uganda’s energy sector.It charts anambitious, yet feasible pathway to achieve universal access to modern energy andpower the country’s economic transformation in a sustainable and secure way.Theplan was developed by Uganda’s Ministry of Energy and MineralDevelopment, with support from the International Energy Agency, and providesthe groundwork for the government’s upcoming Integrated Energy ResourceMaster Plan. The analysis does not just look at Uganda in isolation but considers how globaltrends are influencing and opening up new opportunities, notably driven by rapidlyevolvingclean technology costs and shifts in energy and climate finance.Particular focus is paid to making use of the country’s considerable energy andmineral resources, and parlaying this into economic development for Uganda, acore pillar to ensure the pathway in the ETP is a just and inclusive one. The reportprovides detailed sector-by-sector analysis, including key targets and milestones,estimates of investment needs, and includes high-level recommendations for itsimplementation. While the focus of the report is from now to 2050, the ETP alsohighlights key steps to further the energy sector’s decarbonisation beyond 2050and estimates at what point the energy sector is poised to reach net zero. Foreword Uganda is in the midst of an unprecedented economic transformation. The countryis among both the fastest growing populations and economies in the world, withexpansion of major industries fuelling the transformation. These trends are set tocontinue as we head into a critical decade of economic growth and development. Uganda has made significant strides in recent years, with a remarkable expansionof electricity access, surpassing the growth rates of sub-Saharan Africa. Over thepast two decades, our power sector has grown almost fivefold, significantlyreducing the inefficient use of imported oil for power generation. Since 2015, wehave provided cleaner cooking alternatives to more than 3.5 million Ugandans,liberating them from the health hazards and time-consuming burdens of traditionalfirewood and charcoal stoves. However, comparatively, we remain energy poor, with low levels of electricity andclean cooking access, and among countries with the lowest levels of modernenergy consumption per capita globally. Around 90% of Uganda’s energy needsare still met by solid bioenergy, given it is the only energy source available to manyin rural areas. This is not sustainable, nor is it an option to fuel future growth inUganda. This is the imperative that motivated the Energy Transition Plan: buildthe energy system foundations that will be necessary to power Uganda’s future ina just, safe, secure, affordable and sustainable manner. Therefore, we must build on the current success in accelerating access to cleanenergy and push further to realise our vision for a modern and prosperousUganda. Fortunately, Uganda is blessed with ample energy resources, which theEnergy Transition Plan makes use of to securely meet growing energy needs whilealso realising the economic growth and job creation potential that harnessingthese resources holds. The Energy Transition Plan touches on all aspects of theMinistry of Energy and Mineral Development’s work, covering renewables, energyefficiency, nuclear power, oil and gas resources, and deposits of critical mineralsthat are key to global energy transitions. It also reinforces Uganda’s alreadyprominentrole as a strong regional partner for developing a more robust,integrated energy infrastructure across the region, which supports our collectivegoals for ener