智能技术在合成生物学中的应用白皮书

⵸鎊 ざ䧭欰暟㷖湡⵸⟄⸷割〳䮢涸馋⸷䌏⽷ぐ⚡❡⚌呏研BCCresearch涸侨研⠮皾Ⰼ椕ざ䧭欰暟㷖䋑㖞곫雦㼜➢2021䎃涸95➉繠⯋㟞Ɤⵌ2026䎃涸332➉繠⯋㖈2021-2026䎃涸곫崵劍ⰻ撑ざ䎃㟞Ɤ桧(CAGR)⚹28.4%կ筛瘻劼麁ծ䋑㖞劼麁ㄤ餴劥慨⸠涸ⵌ勻ざ䧭欰暟㷖姻㖈鵳Ⰶ♧⚡䘯鸟封㾝涸倝꣌媯կ ꥥ满ざ䧭欰暟㷖覆⿺涸⸆腊ㄤ悶㖈䎾欽涸割倗䬪㾝鵘欽ざ䧭欰暟㷖涸撑练䚍ㄤ騗㷖猰濼霋꨽宠⛲㖈鴽鸟㟞Ɤկ搬罜欰ㄐ禹絡匧Ⱖ礵㺙Ⱘ剣넞䏞⸓䙖ծ⾝崞ծꬋ絁䚍ծ割〳곫崵瘝暵䖄㥵⡦㼆Ⱖ鵳遤礵ⲥ곫崵ㄤ霃雦僽ざ䧭欰暟㷖꬗⚰涸呍䗱䮋䧶կ 劥俒㼜皍鶣ざ䧭欰暟㷖遤⚌皍➝ծ兰腊⻊㖈ざ䧭欰暟㷖务涸䎾欽⿺㾝劅劍劅䌐⸔灇瑕➃プ넞佪桧ծ⡛䧭劥ծ㢴䗄梠㖑模䧭霃雦-匬䒊-崵霚-㷖⛴DBTL➢罜㼜ざ䧭欰暟ぐ⚡梠蒜涸䊨⡲佪桧䲿⼮䧭劥꣭⡛綫瀊灇封ワ劍䎇的㣐灇封〳腊կ 湡䔶 1.1.1ざ䧭欰暟㷖㹁⛐......................................................................................................................31.1.2DBTL䗄梠................................................................................................................................41.1.3䏀㽻䪮助...................................................................................................................................51.1.4ざ䧭欰暟㷖〄㾝⾎玐............................................................................................................8 1.2佟瘻♸餴劥끮⸓⸈鸟ざ䧭欰暟㷖❡⚌〄㾝........................................................................9 1.2.1筛瘻畮........................................................................................................................................91.2.2餴劥畮......................................................................................................................................10 2兰腊⻊⸈鸟展䧭欰暟㷖灇瑕..............................................18 2.1ざ䧭欰暟㷖涸兰腊⻊-⸈鸟猰㷖DBTL䗄梠................................................................182.2兰腊⻊㖈ざ䧭欰暟㷖⚥涸䎾欽-劼㐼㷖⛴♸넞鸑ꆀ荈⸓⻊䎂〵➝絏..................192.2.1⟄跗涯餘㹁ぢ鵳⻊鵂玐爙䠑劼㐼㷖⛴♸荈⸓⻊䎂〵絕ざ涸⠏挿........................202.2.2SDLs䧴荈⚺㹊낉-荈⸓⻊䎂〵馋⸷................................................................................262.3嵳㢪ざ䧭欰暟㷖兰腊⻊䎾欽〄㾝梡朐-衅㖑ꅾ挿呩⢾➝絏....................................272.3.1⢪欽欰暟Ꝁ鸣⾊BiofoundryⰌ荈⸓ざ䧭⽀鲮䔶暟TALENs........................292.3.2Ⰼ荈⸓皾岁끮⸓䎂〵BioAutomata.............................................................................312.4㕂ⰻざ䧭欰暟㷖兰腊⻊䎾欽〄㾝梡朐-㕂ⰻ衅㖑涸ꅾ挿呩⢾................................332.4.1ぐ垷㗌霃㢊꧋䧭⿺⸆腊......................................................................................................342.4.2荈⸓⻊倰呩涸ⵖ㹁...............................................................................................................352.4.3ꃍ涸㹁ぢ鵳⻊⿺癃鷥..........................................................................................................372.4.4iBioFoundry䒊霃务Ⳝ挿絑낉........................................................................................38 3劢勻展䧭欰暟㷖涸兰腊⻊㾝劅...........................................40 3.1劼㐼㷖⛴倰꬗.............................................................................................................................403.2SDLs荈⸓⻊-荈⸓㹊낉㹔倰꬗.............................................................................................413.3㹊梡SDLs涸䨾꨽㔔稇...........................................................................................................43 4⿬罌俒柄.......................................................................44 1痦♲妃欰暟䪮助ꬠㄐ展䧭欰暟㷖皍➝ 1.1㹁⛐ㄤ〄㾝⾎〷 1.1.1ざ䧭欰暟㷖㹁⛐ ざ䧭欰暟㷖SyntheticBiology僽♧⚡⚁岤✵欰ㄐ禹絡ㄤ欰暟⡤涸騗㷖猰猰㷖곭㚖宨翸䎇輑ざ✫欰ㄐ猰㷖ծ䊨玐㷖ծ暟椚ծ⻊㷖ㄤ⥌䜂猰㷖瘝霽㢴㷖猰僽梡去欰暟㷖剒Ⱘ封㾝悶⸂涸곭㚖⛓♧կざ䧭欰暟㷖涸呍䗱㖈✵霃雦ծ佖鸣ծꅾ䒊䧴ⵖ鸣欰暟⯋⟝ծ欰暟导䎾禹絡ծ去靧鸀䖈♸鵂玐勃荛⴯鸣Ⱘ剣欰ㄐ崞⸓腊⸂涸絈脅ㄤ欰暟⚡⡤կ鵯猫⟄ざ䧭欰暟⚹䊨Ⱘ鵳遤暟餘⸈䊨♸ざ䧭涸欰❡倰䒭剣劅䕸䏀」ꬠ劢勻⼕蚋ծ⻊䊨ծ굹ㅷծ腊彂ծ勞俱ծⱚ⚌瘝⠛絡遤⚌鄄钚⚹絩DNA⿽轠偒絕匬封梡1953䎃ㄤ➃碫㛇㔔絆崵䎸2003䎃⛓た涸痦♲妃欰暟䪮助ꬠㄐկ 呏研繠㕂㕂㹻⽡欰灇瑕ꤎNationalInstitutesofHealth,NIH㕂㹻➃碫㛇㔔絆灇瑕䨾NationalGenomeResearchInstitute䨾䲿⣘涸㹁⛐ざ䧭欰暟㷖僽♧꡶覆⿺欰暟佖鸣涸猰㷖⢪Ⱖ餻剣倝腊⸂㥵ざ䧭暵㹁暟餘ծ⣨崵梠㞯瘝կ䎛⛐勻霹ざ䧭欰暟㷖絕ざ✫ⴔ㶩欰暟㷖ծ禹絡欰暟㷖ⱄ鷳鵂欰暟䊨玐涸⾲椚ꅾ倝⚹欰暟禹絡霃雦倝⸆腊雮灇瑕➃プ腊㢿⟣䠑灇瑕ծ佖」ծ撑ⵖծ欨荛⴯鸣ⴀ撑练涸欰暟騟䖈ծDNA㛇㔔䎸⴩♸欰暟禹絡鵳罜⚹⼕㷖ծⵖ鸣⚌⿺ⱚ⚌瘝倰꬗䲿⣘剣佪涸鍒Ɀ倰呩կ ざ䧭欰暟㷖涸❡欰ㄤ䘯鸟封㾝傁僽➃碫㼆欰ㄐ梡韌帿ⵠ确程ㄤ禹絡雩濼⛓たざ⛖鹤鳓涸䗳搬絕卓⛲僽20⚆紬劣ㄤ21⚆紬ⴲ㷖猰❜⿸䌄勻涸䪮助♸䙼絶⴯倝⤛⢪猰㷖⵸屠鴽鸟蟟欰涸䗳搬絕卓կざ䧭欰暟㷖涸呍䗱猰㷖㛇炄僽㸐涸䊨玐猰㷖ⰻ巑告㖈♧㹁䠑⛐♳㸐⿶僽欰暟䪮助㖈㛇㔔絆ㄤ禹絡欰暟㷖傞去涸䒁⠽⟄⿺餘涸굷駟կ 1.1.2DBTL䗄梠 ざ䧭欰暟㷖涸湡涸僽霃雦痗ざ叻ⲥ涸欰暟禹絡罜欰ㄐ禹絡Ⱘ剣넞䏞涸撑练䚍➃䊨霃雦涸㛇㔔絁騟꨽銳嵳ꆀ䊨玐⻊霚ꝡ㹊낉⿡㹊梡곫霃⸆腊㛇✵䊨玐霃雦⾲ⴭⵄ欽䊨玐〳곫崵䚍䱽ⵖ撑练禹絡匬䒊涸霃雦-匬䒊-崵霚-㷖⛴䗄梠DBTL鷶幯䧭⚹ざ䧭欰暟㷖涸呍䗱瘻殜կ㖈欰暟ⵖ鸣곭㚖DBTL䗄梠㔋⚡꣌媯䗄梠䖃撑〳⟄䧭⸆匬䒊꨽銳涸絈脅欰❡ⴀざ鷓涸❡ㅷկ 1.霃雦Design 霃雦僽ざ䧭欰暟㷖DBTL瘻殜涸㛇炄⽰㖈⵸劍䊺剣濼霋涸㛇炄♳黽䗄♧㹁涸錞ⴭⵄ欽梡剣涸叻ⲥ⻊欰暟⯋⟝㼆㛇㔔ծ去靧鸑騟䧴㛇㔔絆鵳遤椚䚍霃雦կⰦ务叻ⲥ⻊涸欰暟⯋⟝㽍Ⱖ僽DNA宐䎂䲽鶣涸欰暟⯋⟝㖈霃雦涸鵂玐务㽍⚹ꅾ銳կⰢꝶ䪮助⺫䭍㼆欰暟⯋⟝ծ去靧鸑騟ծ㛇㔔絆⿺絈脅䊨⾊霃雦涸鲱⟝⿺雦皾劼垷䬾ⴔ區կ 2.匬䒊Build 匬䒊鵂玐⺫䭍DNAざ䧭ծ㣐晙媯絆鄳⟄⿺㛇㔔綘鳓կDNAざ䧭䪮助㖈ざ䧭欰暟㷖涸封㾝鵂玐务饰满⼧ⴔꅾ銳涸佅丒⡲欽Ⱖ割ず✵⡤ⰻ的㟞割꨽銳⢪欽垷匣〳湬䱹呏研DNA䎸⴩鵳遤⻊㷖ざ䧭կꛏ㼆DNA㣐晙媯涸䭨䱹ㄤ絆鄳灇瑕➃プ⛲䒓封✫BioBrickծBglBricksծIn-FusionծGatewayծGoldenGateծStart-Stop⿺㻑呍薗ꃑ鵶䱹➝㼋涸DNA絆鄳(OligonucleotideslinkersmediatedDNAassemblyOLMA)瘝㢴猫絆鄳倰岁կ㛇㔔綘鳓䪮助➢痦♧去Ꝕ䭷呍ꃑꃍ(ZincfingernucleasesZFN)ծ痦✳去碫鲮䔶慨崞㔔㶩佪䎾暟呍ꃑꃍTALEN封㾝ⵌ湡⵸涸痦♲去CRISPR-Cas䪮助կCRISPR-Cas䪮助Ⱘ剣佪 桧넞ծ乼⡲䘯䰦ծ佪卓ⲥ烁瘝⠏挿僽湡⵸㛇㔔綘鳓涸⚺崨䪮助㽍Ⱖ僽˻㘗涸CRISPR-Cas9䧴CRISPR-Cas12a(Cpf1)㛇㔔綘鳓䪮助䊺㖈㢴猫欰暟⡤禹务䖤ⵌ䎛岌䎾欽կ㖈割ず涸䊨⚌䏀渹絈脅务⢪欽涸匬䒊倰岁㶸㖈♧㹁䊵䒗䚍կ 3.崵霚Test 偽雿僽ꃍծ盟デ㛇㔔䧴゗⸓㶩ծRBS瘝⽀⚡欰暟⯋⟝鵮僽鹤鳓絁騟⿺垷㗌⻊涸去靧鸀䖈㖈鸑鵂椚䚍䧴ꬋ椚䚍霃雦た鿪⠔㶸㖈㣐ꆀ涸瑲」⡤䧴⦫鷥湡叻㔔姼넞佪ծⲥ烁ㄤ絑崸涸唬崵倰岁㼆剒⢕欰暟⯋⟝⿺絆ざ涸鷥䭊荛Ⱒꅾ銳կ⠛絡涸唬崵倰岁偽岁忘駈ざ䧭欰暟㷖㼆㣐ꆀ㹁ꆀ⻊欰暟⯋⟝ծ鹤鳓絁騟⿺去靧♸靈䱽鸀䖈絆ざ涸꨽宠湡⵸䊺絑㽂霚䒓封ⵄ欽㢴猫넞鸑ꆀ䧴荈⸓⻊涸癃鷥♸唬崵䪮助勻䲿넞崵霚涸佪桧կ㼆✵䊨⚌䏀渹絈脅罜鎊⢪欽넞鸑ꆀ癃鷥䪮助䘯鸟癃鷥ⵌ湱Ⱒ䊨⚌䚍腊䲿⼮涸絈脅䊨⾊荛Ⱒꅾ銳կ ꤑ✫㼆䊺匬䒊涸絈脅䊨⾊鵳遤欰Ɤ崵霚㢪㼆ざ䧭欰暟㷖DBTL侮⚡꡻梠涸霚ꝡ䚍唬崵⛲⼧ⴔꅾ銳կ䘯鸟넞佪涸荈⸓⻊ㄤ䊨玐⻊䎂〵㼜僽剣佪涸鍒Ɀ䩛媯կ䊨玐⻊䎂〵〳⟄䘯鸟㣐ꆀ霚ꝡ넞佪낉霆DBTL鵂玐䎇䘯鸟獤稡侨研ㄤ絑낉կ湡⵸⺫䭍繠㕂ㄤ薉㕂瘝㢴⚡㕂㹻䊺匬䒊䧴㖈䒊涸ꅾ㣐䊨玐⻊䎂〵紨剣25⚡䧮㕂涸㣔䊨䨾ծ㕂㹻跗涯餘猰㷖务䗱(♳嵳)ծ娀宪欰暟䪮助灇瑕ꤎ⿺寐⽂㣐㷖瘝灇瑕劼匬⛲鿪䊺匬䒊✫湱Ⱒざ䧭欰暟㷖荈⸓