智能技术在合成生物学中的应用白皮书

⵸鎊ざ䧭欰暟㷖湡⵸⟄⸷割〳䮢涸馋⸷䌏糸ぐ⚡❡⚌呏研BCCresearch涸侨研⠮皾Ⰼ椕ざ䧭欰暟㷖䋑㖞곫雦㼜➢2021䎃涸95➉繠⯋㟞Ɤⵌ2026䎃涸332➉繠⯋㖈2021-2026䎃涸곫崵劍ⰻ撑ざ䎃㟞Ɤ桧(CAGR)⚹28.4%կ筛瘻劼麁ծ䋑㖞劼麁ㄤ餴劥慨⸠涸ⵌ勻ざ䧭欰暟㷖姻㖈鵳Ⰶ♧⚡䘯鸟封㾝涸倝꣌媯կꥥ满ざ䧭欰暟㷖覆⿺涸⸆腊ㄤ悶㖈䎾欽涸割倗䬪㾝鵘欽ざ䧭欰暟㷖涸撑练䚍ㄤ騗㷖猰濼霋꨽宠⛲㖈鴽鸟㟞Ɤկ搬罜欰ㄐ禹絡匧Ⱖ礵㺙Ⱘ剣넞䏞⸓䙖ծ身崞ծꬋ絁䚍ծ割〳곫崵瘝暵䖄㥵⡦㼆Ⱖ鵳遤礵ⲥ곫崵ㄤ霃雦僽ざ䧭欰暟㷖꬗⚰涸呍䗱䮋䧶կ劥俒㼜皍鶣ざ䧭欰暟㷖遤⚌皍➝ծ兰腊⻊㖈ざ䧭欰暟㷖务涸䎾欽⿺㾝劅劍劅䌐⸔灇瑕➃プ넞佪桧ծ⡛䧭劥ծ㢴䗄梠㖑模䧭霃雦-匬䒊-崵霚-㷖⛴DBTL➢罜㼜ざ䧭欰暟ぐ⚡梠蒜涸䊨⡲佪桧䲿巛䧭劥꣭⡛綫瀊灇封ワ劍䎇的㣐灇封〳腊կ 2湡䔶1痦♲妃欰暟䪮助ꬠㄐ展䧭欰暟㷖皍➝.................................3 1.1 㹁⛐ㄤ〄㾝血〷 .......................................................................................................................... 3 1.1.1 ざ䧭欰暟㷖㹁⛐ ...................................................................................................................... 3 1.1.2 DBTL䗄梠 ................................................................................................................................ 4 1.1.3 䏀㽻䪮助 ................................................................................................................................... 5 1.1.4 ざ䧭欰暟㷖〄㾝血玐 ............................................................................................................ 8 1.2 佟瘻♸餴劥끮⸓⸈鸟ざ䧭欰暟㷖❡⚌〄㾝 ........................................................................ 9 1.2.1 筛瘻畮 ........................................................................................................................................ 9 1.2.2 餴劥畮 ...................................................................................................................................... 10 1.3 ざ䧭欰暟㷖❡⚌Ꝇⶆ區 .......................................................................................................... 13 1.4 ➭㿋⛓瀖GinkgoBioworks欰暟Ꝁ鸣色垷䒭 ............................................................ 15 2兰腊⻊⸈鸟展䧭欰暟㷖灇瑕..............................................18 2.1 ざ䧭欰暟㷖涸兰腊⻊-⸈鸟猰㷖DBTL䗄梠 ................................................................ 18 2.2 兰腊⻊㖈ざ䧭欰暟㷖⚥涸䎾欽-劼㐼㷖⛴♸넞鸑ꆀ荈⸓⻊䎂〵➝絏 .................. 19 2.2.1 ⟄跗涯餘㹁ぢ鵳⻊鵂玐爙䠑劼㐼㷖⛴♸荈⸓⻊䎂〵絕ざ涸⠏挿 ........................ 20 2.2.2 SDLs䧴荈⚺㹊낉-荈⸓⻊䎂〵馋⸷ ................................................................................ 26 2.3 嵳㢪ざ䧭欰暟㷖兰腊⻊䎾欽〄㾝梡朐-衅㖑ꅾ挿呩⢾➝絏 .................................... 27 2.3.1 ⢪欽欰暟Ꝁ鸣色BiofoundryⰌ荈⸓ざ䧭支鲮䔶暟TALENs ........................ 29 2.3.2 Ⰼ荈⸓皾岁끮⸓䎂〵BioAutomata ............................................................................. 31 2.4 㕂ⰻざ䧭欰暟㷖兰腊⻊䎾欽〄㾝梡朐-㕂ⰻ衅㖑涸ꅾ挿呩⢾ ................................ 33 2.4.1 ぐ垷㗌霃㢊꧋䧭⿺⸆腊 ...................................................................................................... 34 2.4.2 荈⸓⻊倰呩涸ⵖ㹁 ............................................................................................................... 35 2.4.3 ꃍ涸㹁ぢ鵳⻊⿺癃鷥 .......................................................................................................... 37 2.4.4 iBioFoundry䒊霃务Ⳝ挿絑낉 ........................................................................................ 38 3劢勻展䧭欰暟㷖涸兰腊⻊㾝劅...........................................40 3.1 劼㐼㷖⛴倰꬗ ............................................................................................................................. 40 3.2 SDLs荈⸓⻊-荈⸓㹊낉㹔倰꬗ ............................................................................................. 41 3.3 㹊梡SDLs涸䨾꨽㔔稇 ........................................................................................................... 43 4⿬罌俒柄.......................................................................44 31痦♲妃欰暟䪮助ꬠㄐ展䧭欰暟㷖皍➝1.1 㹁⛐ㄤ〄㾝血〷1.1.1 ざ䧭欰暟㷖㹁⛐ざ䧭欰暟㷖SyntheticBiology僽♧⚡⚁岤✵欰ㄐ禹絡ㄤ欰暟⡤涸騗㷖猰猰㷖곭㚖宨翸䎇輑ざ✫欰ㄐ猰㷖ծ䊨玐㷖ծ暟椚ծ⻊㷖ㄤ⥌䜂猰㷖瘝霽㢴㷖猰僽梡去欰暟㷖剒Ⱘ封㾝悶⸂涸곭㚖⛓♧կざ䧭欰暟㷖涸呍䗱㖈✵霃雦ծ佖鸣ծꅾ䒊䧴ⵖ鸣欰暟⯋⟝ծ欰暟导䎾禹絡ծ去靧鸀䖈♸鵂玐勃荛⴯鸣Ⱘ剣欰ㄐ崞⸓腊⸂涸絈脅ㄤ欰暟⚡⡤կ鵯猫⟄ざ䧭欰暟⚹䊨Ⱘ鵳遤暟餘⸈䊨♸ざ䧭涸欰❡倰䒭剣劅䕸䏀」ꬠ劢勻匚蚋ծ⻊䊨ծ굹ᄩծ腊彂ծ勞俱ծⱚ⚌瘝⠛絡遤⚌鄄钚⚹絩DNA⿽轠偒絕匬封梡1953䎃ㄤ➃碫㛇㔔絆崵䎸2003䎃⛓た涸痦♲妃欰暟䪮助ꬠㄐկ呏研繠㕂㕂㹻瓦欰灇瑕ꤎNationalInstitutesofHealth,NIH㕂㹻➃碫㛇㔔絆灇瑕䨾NationalGenomeResearchInstitute䨾䲿⣘涸㹁⛐ざ䧭欰暟㷖僽♧꡶覆⿺欰暟佖鸣涸猰㷖⢪Ⱖ餻剣倝腊⸂㥵ざ䧭暵㹁暟餘ծ⣨崵梠㞯瘝կ䎛⛐勻霹ざ䧭欰暟㷖絕ざ✫ⴔ㶩欰暟㷖ծ禹絡欰暟㷖ⱄ鷳鵂欰暟䊨玐涸韭椚ꅾ倝⚹欰暟禹絡霃雦倝⸆腊雮灇瑕➃プ腊㢿⟣䠑灇瑕ծ佖」ծ撑ⵖծ欨荛⴯鸣ⴀ撑练涸欰暟騟䖈ծDNA㛇㔔䎸⴩♸欰暟禹絡鵳罜⚹匚㷖ծⵖ鸣⚌⿺ⱚ⚌瘝倰꬗䲿⣘剣佪涸鍒Ɀ倰呩կざ䧭欰暟㷖涸❡欰ㄤ䘯鸟封㾝傁僽➃碫㼆欰ㄐ梡韌帿ⵠ确程ㄤ禹絡雩濼⛓たざ⛖鹤鳓涸䗳搬絕卓⛲僽20⚆紬劣ㄤ21⚆紬ⴲ㷖猰❜⿸䌄勻涸䪮助♸䙼絶⴯倝⤛⢪猰㷖⵸屠鴽鸟蟟欰涸䗳搬絕卓կざ䧭欰暟㷖涸呍䗱猰㷖㛇炄僽㸐涸䊨玐猰㷖ⰻ巑告㖈♧㹁䠑⛐♳㸐⿶僽欰暟䪮助㖈㛇㔔絆ㄤ禹絡欰暟㷖傞去涸䒁⠽⟄⿺餘涸굷駟կ 41.1.2 DBTL䗄梠ざ䧭欰暟㷖涸湡涸僽霃雦痗ざ叻ⲥ涸欰暟禹絡罜欰ㄐ禹絡Ⱘ剣넞䏞涸撑练䚍➃䊨霃雦涸㛇㔔絁騟꨽銳嵳ꆀ䊨玐⻊霚ꝡ㹊낉⿡㹊梡곫霃⸆腊㛇✵䊨玐霃雦韭ⴭⵄ欽䊨玐〳곫崵䚍䱽ⵖ撑练禹絡匬䒊涸霃雦-匬䒊-崵霚-㷖⛴䗄梠DBTL鷶幯䧭⚹ざ䧭欰暟㷖涸呍䗱瘻殜կ㖈欰暟ⵖ鸣곭㚖DBTL䗄梠㔋⚡꣌媯䗄梠䖃撑〳⟄䧭⸆匬䒊꨽銳涸絈脅欰❡ⴀざ鷓涸❡ᄩկ㕃邍1.ざ䧭欰暟㷖霃雦-匬䒊-崵霚-㷖⛴灇瑕瘻殜覆⿺涸⚺銳Ⱒꝶ䪮助餴俱勻彂俒柄շざ䧭欰暟㷖傞➿㛇✵ꬋ垷䒭絈蝒涸䊨⚌䏀渹絈脅灇瑕梡朐♸㾝劅ո1. 霃雦Design霃雦僽ざ䧭欰暟㷖DBTL瘻殜涸㛇炄示㖈⵸劍䊺剣濼霋涸㛇炄♳黽䗄♧㹁涸錞ⴭⵄ欽梡剣涸叻ⲥ⻊欰暟⯋⟝㼆㛇㔔ծ去靧鸑騟䧴㛇㔔絆鵳遤椚䚍霃雦կⰦ务叻ⲥ⻊涸欰暟⯋⟝㽍Ⱖ僽DNA宐䎂䲽鶣涸欰暟⯋⟝㖈霃雦涸鵂玐务㽍⚹ꅾ銳կⰢꝶ䪮助⺫䭍㼆欰暟⯋⟝ծ去靧鸑騟ծ㛇㔔絆⿺絈脅䊨色霃雦涸鲱⟝⿺雦皾劼垷䬾ⴔ區կ2. 匬䒊Build匬䒊鵂玐⺫䭍DNAざ䧭ծ㣐晙媯絆鄳⟄⿺㛇㔔綘鳓կDNAざ䧭䪮助㖈ざ䧭欰暟㷖涸封㾝鵂玐务饰满宀ⴔꅾ銳涸佅丒⡲欽Ⱖ割ず✵⡤ⰻ的㟞割꨽銳⢪欽垷匣〳湬䱹呏研DNA䎸⴩鵳遤⻊㷖ざ䧭կꛏ㼆DNA㣐晙媯涸䭨䱹ㄤ絆鄳灇瑕➃プ⛲䒓封✫BioBrickծBglBricksծIn-FusionծGatewayծGoldenGateծStart-Stop⿺㻑呍薗ꃑ鵶䱹➝㼋涸DNA絆鄳(OligonucleotideslinkersmediatedDNAassemblyOLMA)瘝㢴猫絆鄳倰岁կ㛇㔔綘鳓䪮助➢痦♧去Ꝕ䭷呍ꃑꃍ(ZincfingernucleasesZFN)ծ痦✳去碫鲮䔶慨崞㔔㶩佪䎾暟呍ꃑꃍTALEN封㾝ⵌ湡⵸涸痦♲去CRISPR-Cas䪮助կCRISPR-Cas䪮