2022年全球经济、贸易和发展趋势统计报告

HANDBOOKORSTATISTICS2022UnitedNationsGeneva, 2022 2022Handbook of Statistics 2022, United NationsAl rights reserved worldwideRequests to reproduce excerpts or to photocopy should be acidiressed to the Copyright Clearance Center at copyright.comAll other queries on rights and licences, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to:United Nations Publications405 East 42nd StreetNew York, New York 10017United States of AmericaEmal: publicaticns@un.orgWebsite; https:/shop.un.org/The designations employed and the presentation of materiel on any map in this work do not imply the expression of anyof its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.A dispute exists between the Governments of Argentina and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Irelandconcerning sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (Malvinas).The final boundary between the Sudan and South Sudan has not yet been determined.This publication has not been formally edited.United Nations publication issued by the United Nations Conference on Trade and DevelopmentTD/STAT,47ISBN: 978-92-1-113076-8elSBN: 978-92-1-002178-4ISSN: 1992-8408elSSN: 2225-3270Sales No. E.22..D.45 2022Handbookof StatisticsNotesThe tables in this handbook represent extractions from or analytical summaries of datasets contained in the UNCTADstatData Centre, available at:https://unctadstat.unctad.org/UNCTADstat is ccntinuously updated and enhanced, thus providing users with the latest avalable statistics.Consequently, the figures from this handbook, which presents statistics at a point in time, may not always correspondwith the latest figures in UNCTADstat.Basic information on concepts, definitions and calculation methods of the presented statistics are provided in theboxes titled 'Concepts and definitions" in each section and in annex 6.3 of this handbook, More detailed informationon the sources and methods used for production of data available in UNCTADstat can be found in the documentationattached to the respective UNCTADstat dataset (UNCTAD, 2022a).to specific groups is done for statistical convenience and does not imply any assumption regarding the political orother affiliation of these economies by the United Nations. Likewise, the designations developing" and *developed*particular economy in the development process.Due to the removal of the group of the *transition economies" in the 2021 edition, and due to a reclassification of thedevelopment status of the Republic of Korea in 2022, the classiication of economies into *developing and"developed*applied in this handbook is different from the classification used in earier editions. Also, a broader definition of smallislanddeveloping States (SlDS) as defined by the United Nations Offioe of the High Representative for the Least DeveiopedCountries, Landlocked Developing Countries and Small lsland Developing States (UN-OHRLLS) is applied since 2021.details, see annex 6.2 of this handbook.The population data used in this edition have been substantially revised by the United Nations Population Division insummer 2022. They reflect for the first time the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. This had an impact on the figuresof gross domestic product (GDP) per capita.Unless otherwise specified, the values of groups of economies represent the sums of the values of the individualeconomies included in the group. Calculation of these aggregates may take into account data estimated by the UNCTADsecretariat that are not necessariy reported separately. When data coverage is insufficient within a group of economies,'pauf/sse s) (-) roqs sur pue uaeuepun s uogebaube ouUnited States dollars (USs) are expressed in current United States dollars of the year to which they refer, unlessDue to space constraints, the names of the following countries may appear in abbreviated form; the Plurinational StateIran, Lao People's Democratic Republic, the Federated States of Micronesia, the United Kingdom of Great Britain andNorthern Ireland, and the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.The UNCTAD Handbook of Statistics 2022 is available in PDF format from the UNCTAD website, athttps://unctad.org/HandbookOfStatistics. The e-handbook is available at https:/hbs.unctad.org.3 2022Handbookof StatisticsThe worldbydevelopment statusDeveloping economies(// Least developed countries (LDCs)Developedeconomies 2022Handbook of Statistics 二 2022Handbook of StatisticsTABLEOFCONTENTSList of maps and figures8List of tables10Introduction11AbcAbbreviationsandsymbols121. Internationalmerchandise trade142.International tradein services323.Economic trends424.Population605.Maritime transport706.Annexes84 2022Handbook of StatisticsMapsandFiguresMapsMap 1.1 Merchandise exports as a ratio to gross domestic product, 202116Map 1.2 Main worid import flows, 202120Map 1.3 Main export products, 202124Map 1.4 Trade openness index, 20212834 Map 2.2 Growth in services exports by category, 201620218EMap 3.1 Gross domestic product per capita, 202144Map 3.2 Current