国家开发银行2025年度报告

CONTENTS 6重要提示IMPORTANT NOTICE 6基本情况CORPORATE INFORMATION 23财务概要FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS 7董事、高级管理层成员和员工情况DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND STAFF 23主要财务数据KEY FINANCIAL FIGURES 26战略重点STRATEGIC PRIORITIES 15公司治理CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 33经营管理OPERATIONS AND MANAGEMENT 34资本管理CAPITAL MANAGEMENT 35中间业务INTERMEDIARY BUSINESS 44社会责任管理CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY 46审计报告INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 49财务报表FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 122组织架构图和境内外机构名录ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND DIRECTORYOF BRANCHES AND SUBSIDIARIES 39风险管理RISK MANAGEMENT 39全面风险管理COMPREHENSIVE RISK MANAGEMENT39信用风险管理CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT40市场风险管理MARKET RISK MANAGEMENT40银行账簿利率风险管理MANAGEMENT OF INTEREST RATE RISK IN THEBANKING BOOK 126附录APPENDICES 127审计报告(按照国际审计准则）INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT IN ACCORDANCEWITH ISAs 卷首语 PREAMBLE 2025年，国家开发银行(以下简称开发银行或本行）在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，深入贯彻党的二十大和二十届历次全会、中央经济工作会议、中央金融工作会议精神，坚决落实党中央、国务院决策部署，立足职能定位，聚焦主责主业，积极支持重大战略、重点领域和薄弱环节，以优质金融服务助力巩固拓展经济回升向好势头。截至2025年末，开发银行集团资产总额19.55万亿元，实现集团净利润914.67亿元，经营指标全面完成，重点指标连创新高，专项业务成效显著，在服务国家发展大局中实现自身高质量发展。 In2025,under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at itscore, China Development Bank (hereinafter referred to as CDB or the Bank) thoroughly implemented theguiding principles laid down at the 20th CPC National Congress and the Plenary Sessions of the 20thCentral Committee, the Central Economic Work Conference, and the Central Financial Work Conference.It firmly implemented the decisions and instructions made by the CPC Central Committee and the StateCouncil. In line with its mandate, CDB proactively supported major national strategies, key industries andunderdeveloped sectors, sustaining and strengthening the upturn of the economy with premium financialservices. At the end of 2025, the CDB group’s total assets stood at RMB19.55 trillion, with a group-widenet profit of RMB91.467 billion. It fulfilled all business targets with key metrics reaching record highs,and made significant achievements in special services, realizing its own high-quality development whilesupporting national development. 立足职能定位，精准发力支持经济回升向好。认真落实更加积极有为的宏观政策，做优增量、盘活存量，持续加大信贷投放与资源配置力度，人民币贷款余额新增8,630亿元，将金融资源精准投入到国之所需、民之所盼的重点领域。全年发行金融债券3.31万亿元，有力保障服务实体经济资金需求。全力以赴推动新型政策性金融工具落地，支持经济大省挑大梁，带动民间投资，助力扩大有效投资。 深耕主责主业，提质增效赋能高质量发展。积极支持现代化产业体系建设，更好服务构建现代化基础设施体系，助力因地制宜发展新质生产力，制造业贷款余额占比创历史新高，为一大批重大基础设施项目提供金融服务。围绕高水平科技自立自强、碳达峰碳中和、增进人民福祉等关键方向，结合职能定位做好科技金融、绿色金融、普惠金融、养老金融、数字金融“ 五篇大文章”。强化服务区域战略实施，支持跨省跨流域重点项目建设。持续巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果，助力推进乡村全面振兴。积极服务高质量共建“ 一带一路”，助力扩大高水平对外开放。 统筹发展和安全，积极防范化解重点领域风险。做好城中村改造、保障性住房、“ 平急两用”公共基础设施建设金融服务，助力构建房地产发展新模式。不断完善全面风险管理体系，圆满完成分支机构全面风险管理能力提升工程。大力推进化险挽损，不良和关注类贷款较上年末实现“ 额率双降”。完善内控合规管理制度机制，深入推进“ 法治开行”建设，进一步夯实依法合规经营根基。 锐意改革创新，精耕细作提升治理效能。进一步完善中国特色现代企业制度，深化党建与公司治理有机融合，研究修改开发银行章程，促进公司治理质效持续提升。完善全行机构职能体系，推动授信审批体制机制和国际业务体制机制进一步优化。用好融资模式创新推动机制，推动超长期国债配套融资模式、全域土地综合整治模式等创新专项取得实质性成果。坚守保本微利经营原则，以效益稳健筑牢高质量发展根基。加强子公司规范化、制度化、体系化管理，持续激发特色功能与协同效应。加快数字化转型步伐，推动人工智能大模型应用显现成效，为高质量发展注入强劲动能。 2025年是“ 十四五”收官之年。五年来，开发银行始终坚持党的领导、加强党的建设，忠实履行党中央赋予开发银行的职责使命，倾力支持国家战略重点领域和薄弱环节发展。有力支持“ 十四五”规划102项重大工程、“ 双跨”“ 两重”“ 两新”和基础设施、先进制造业、“ 一带一路”等领域重大项目建设。结合职能定位做好金融“ 五篇大文章”，推动建立具有开发银行特色的多层次、广覆盖、多样化、可持续的金融服务体系。深入践行以人民为中心的发展思想，扎实做好城市更新、乡村振兴、助学贷款、小微企业转贷款、养老等领域金融服务。全力做好政策性开发性金融工具和新型政策性金融工具投放工作，积极服务实体经济。提升公司治理效能，完善内部体制机制，推动重点领域改革优化，持续推进降本提质增效，提高风险管理水平，增强高质量发展动力活力。全行上下勠力同心、砥砺奋进、攻坚克难，彰显金融“ 国家队”“ 主力军”作用。 站在“ 十五五”开局的新起点，开发银行将更加紧密地团结在以习近平同志为核心的党中央周围，完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念，服务和融入加快构建新发展格局，服务推动高质量发展，牢固树立、深入践行正确政绩观，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，深刻把握金融工作的政治性、人民性，紧紧围绕“防风险、强监管、促高质量发展”的金融工作主线，立足基础设施银行核心职能，持续加大对重大战略、重点领域和薄弱环节的支持力度，着力防范化解金融风险，不断深化改革创新，以高质量金融服务助力“ 十五五”开好局、起好步，为以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业作出更大贡献！ Adopting targeted measures to support the upturn of economy in keeping with the Bank’s mandate.CDB earnestlyimplemented more positive and effective macroeconomic policies, refined incremental resources and revitalized stockassets, continuing to step up loan issuance and resource allocation. It saw an increase of RMB863 billion in the balanceof RMB loans, and channeled financial resources toward priority areas that serve the needs of the nation and the people.Over the year, CDB issued financial bonds worth RMB3.31 trillion, effectively meeting the funding needs in the realeconomy. It spared no effort in rolling out new policy-based financial instruments, supported major provincial economies totake on greater responsibilities, mobilized private investment, and helped expand effective investment. Remaining committed to the Bank’s mandate and empowering high-quality development by enhancing qualityand efficiency.CDB took the initiative to support building a modern industrial system and delivered better services fordeveloping a modern infrastructure system. It helped boost the development of new quality productive forces tailored tolocal conditions, saw a record-high proportion of balance of loans to the manufacturing sector, and delivered financialservices to a large array of major infrastructure projects. CDB aligned its efforts with critical priorities such as high