对甲烷警报和响应系统的卫星通知作出响应（英）2026

Responding toSatellite Notifications This report was prepared by the International Energy Agency (IEA),with valuable inputs and review from UNEP’s IMEO. INTERNATIONAL ENERGYAGENCY ArgentinaChinaEgyptIndiaIndonesiaKenyaMoroccoSenegalSingaporeSouth AfricaThailandUkraineViet Nam UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT UNEP is the leading global voice on the environment. It provides leadership and encouragespartnership in caring for the environment by inspiring, informing and enabling nations and peoplesto improve their quality of life without compromising that of future generations. UNEP's This publication, as well as any dataand mapincluded herein,are without prejudice to thestatus of or sovereignty over any territory, to the Source: IEA.International Energy AgencyWebsite: www.iea.org Abstract In 2023, the International Methane Emissions Observatory launched the MethaneAlert and Response System, the first global system to provide free satellite-basedalerts on major emission events to governments. Prompt reaction to MARSnotifications has led to the successful mitigation of methane leaks in several The IEA,in collaboration with IMEO,has prepared this technical guidancedocument to assist governments seeking to improve action on MARS notificationsand reduce methane emissions within their territory. The document proposes afive-step sequential process for responding to MARS notifications: (1) receive,assign and classify the notification; (2) notify the operator associated with the The IEA and IMEO are available to provide technical assistance to governmentsinterested in adapting this framework to their jurisdiction’s legal, operational andfinancial context. Governments interested in implementing this framework within Table of contents Executive summary................................................................................................................. 5Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 8Background on MARS process............................................................................................. 10Satellite detection approach..................................................................................................... 10Notification process .................................................................................................................. 10Focal point nomination ............................................................................................................. 11Role of the International Energy Agency ................................................................................. 12A step-by-step guide to respond to MARS notifications ....................................................... 13Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 25Summary: Five-step framework for responding to MARS notifications................................ 26Annexes ................................................................................................................................ 28 Executive summary In 2023, the United Nations Environment Programme’s (UNEP) InternationalMethane Emissions Observatory (IMEO) introduced theMethane Alert andResponse System (MARS), which uses satellite data (coupled with scientific MARS satellite alerts providerapid and actionable informationthat can enablequick mitigation action. Swift action on major leaks or releases detected via MARScan deliver significant benefits for governments, potentially reducing gas waste,boosting sales by domestic companies and improving national energy security While the response rate to MARS notifications has increased since the system’sintroduction in 2023, overall engagement remains low: globally, only around 12%of MARS notifications received a response in 2025. This suggests thatfurther support mechanisms may be needed to ensure satellite alerts translate into Thistechnical guidance documentis designed to assist governments seekingto improve the way they respond to MARS notifications and reduce methaneemissions within their territory. It aims to support effective responses to MARS notifications, building on lessons from countries that have successfully respondedto and mitigated satellite-detected emission events. The document proposes a In addition to this five-step process, the framework also proposesindicativetimelinesfor acting on such notifications. These timelines are not intended to berigid or binding but are instead meant to serve as a guideline for countries seekingto improve action on MARS notifications. Recommended timelines vary according The framework proposesthree distinct urgency levelsbased on the magnitudeand recurrence of emission events, each with its own proposed timeline:urgent (Level 1);fast(Level 2); andregular(Level 3). The recommended timeline tocomplete all five response steps is