制定企业破产指标

Varun Eknath*T exceptions demonstrate that strong regulatory frameworks and institutional frameworks can enhance thebusiness insolvency environments regardless of income. The data also highlight a widespread "public servicesgap," where weak institutional and operational infrastructure for insolvency proceedings fails to leverageotherwise relatively stronger regulatory frameworks. Moreover, the ease with which firms can comply withregulations and use public services lag behind regulatory strength—resulting in an “efficiency gap.”Public Disclosure Authorized Strong insolvency frameworks are essential forprivatesector development and sustainablegrowth. The performance of the insolvency system depends not only onthe quality of the legal framework but also on the institutions andoperational systems that apply it. For this reason, the B-READYBusiness Insolvency topic (BR-BI) evaluates economies across threepillars:the Quality of Regulations for Judicial InsolvencyProceedings (Pillar I), the Quality of Institutional and OperationalInfrastructure for Judicial Insolvency Proceedings (Pillar II), and the An efficient insolvency regime enables nonviable firms to exitrapidly, freeing assets and market space for more productiveenterprises.Research shows that efficient insolvency systemsenhance the creation of new firms, expand the size of the privatesector, and foster entrepreneurial activity (Carcea et al. 2015;Cirmizi et al. 2012; El Ghoul et al. 2021; Lee et al. 2011).Moreover, by enabling viable firms to restructure rather thanliquidate, such systems preserve employment, protect economic The evolution of the Business Insolvency topic:From Doing Business to Business Ready The World Bank Group's approach to measuring the efficiencyand quality of insolvency systems has undergone a significanttransformation, evolving from the "Resolving Insolvency" (DB-RI)indicators in the discontinued Doing Business report to the new"Business Insolvency" topic in the Business Ready (B-READY)project. This evolution addresses key shortcomings in the old Insolvency regimes influence how resources, credit, and talentflow through the economy. They can act as a catalyst for growth bypreventing and resolving financial distress in ways that reallocateresourcesproductively(Gurrea-Martinez 2025).This balancesupports competition, stimulates entrepreneurship, and attractsinvestment by reducing uncertainty for both creditors and debtors.Evidence shows that restructuring mechanisms that function wellallow viable firms to continue operations, safeguard employment,and support wage stability, while the orderly exit of failing firmsreallocates labor to more productive uses (World Bank 2025b).Countries with effective insolvency laws experience higher rates offirm entry and survival, greater labor productivity, and more The DB-RI indicators benchmark the efficiency of insolvencyproceedings across economies and provide a simple, quantifiableframework for comparing bankruptcy procedures. The data forthese indicators were gathered from questionnaires completed bylocal insolvency practitioners and verified by studying relevant Figure 1 Second, the new BR-BI approach is structured around threedistinct pillars that capture both the de jure rules and the de factoimplementation. Table 1 details this new structure, breaking downthe Business Insolvency topic into three main pillars and their performance, was a simple average of two main components: therecovery rate and the strength of insolvency framework index. The recovery rate was calculated using a standardized case studyto measure the time, cost, and outcome of an insolvency proceeding.Itprovided a standardized way to summarize how effectivelycreditors could expect to recover value from a distressed firm throughaneconomy’s legal and institutional framework.The valuerepresented the proceeds that remained from the debtor's estate after •Pillar I: Quality of Regulations. This component evaluates thede jure features of a regulatory framework that are necessary fora predictable and effective environment for resolving corporate distress.•Pillar II: Quality of Institutional and Operational Infrastructure.This section assesses the de facto provision of institutional andoperational support for corporate insolvency.•Pillar III: Operational Efficiency. This final pillar captures theease of compliance with the regulatory framework and theeffective use of public services directly relevant to firms. While a In addition to the recovery rate, the methodology included the"strength of insolvency framework index," which was a sum of foursubindexes: commencement of proceedings; management of debtor'sassets; reorganization proceedings; and creditor participation. Theindexranged from 0 to 16,with higher scores indicating abetter-designed legal framework. Although the DB-RI indicators After the discontinuation of Doing Business in September 2021(World Bank 2021b), the World Bank Group embarked on anextensive consulta