从马科斯总统的行动呼吁：加强东盟的石油和天然气储存系统

ERIA POLICY BRIEF From President Marcos’ Call to Action:Strengthening Oil and Gas Stockpiling Key Messages: 1.ASEAN must urgently addressitsexposure to energy supplyshocks.Rising import dependenceand reliance on the Strait of Hormuzcreateimmediate vulnerability,whilecurrent stockpiling levels This policy brief assesses ASEAN’s increasing exposure to energy supplydisruptions, particularly through critical chokepoints such as the Strait ofHormuz, and underscores the urgent need to strengthen regional resilience.Rising import dependence, combined with limited and uneven oil and gasstockpiling capacity, leaves the region highly vulnerable to immediate supply 2.ASEAN should prioritise the rapidexpansion of strategic oil and gasstockpiles as a first-line defence.Stockpiling is the only instrumentthatcandeliverimmediatephysical supply, stabilise markets, Building on the policy direction articulated by President Ferdinand R. MarcosJr.,the brief calls for a shift from analysis to implementation through co-ordinated and scalable stockpiling strategies. It identifies joint stockpiling asthe central pillar, complemented by hybrid models and diversified financingmechanisms. Strengthening stockpiling systems is therefore essential not 3.ASEAN should operationalise jointstockpiling as the core regionalstrategy.Member states shouldmove beyond fragmented nationalapproaches and establish sharedstockpilingarrangementswith I.Introduction: Energy Security, the Strait of Hormuz Shock, and thePolicy Call of President Ferdinand R. Marcos Jr. Energy security underpins ASEAN’s economic growth, industrial competitiveness,and regional integration. Over the past 2 decades, the region has become adynamic economic hub, driven by expanding manufacturing, trade, and productionnetworks. Indeed, ASEAN plays a key role in global value chains, which depend onstable and affordable energy supplies. 4.ASEANshouldmoveimmediatelyfrom analysis toimplementation.Priorityactionsinclude conducting stockpiling gapassessments, establishing regional Rapid growth has led to rising energy demand. The International Energy Agency(IEA) estimates ASEAN’s oil import dependency rose from about 57% in 2010to 66% in 2024 and will continue increasing (IEA, 2024a). Several economiesare already highly import-dependent, including Singapore, the Philippines, andThailand. Furthermore, ASEAN is projected to become a net natural gas importer A significant share of ASEAN’s oil and LNG imports passes through the Strait ofHormuz, a critical global chokepoint. The U.S. Energy Information Administrationestimates that 20–21 million barrels per day transit this route, about 20% of globaloil consumption, with roughly one-quarter of global LNG trade also flowing throughit (EIA, 2024), leaving suppliers vulnerability to geopolitical disruptions. On 15 April 2026, Philippines president Ferdinand R. Marcos Jr. (15 April 2026) calledfor strengthening ASEAN’s energy security through strategic stockpiling, includingjoint arrangements. He emphasised moving from analysis to implementation,undertakingstockpiling gap assessments, and enhancing public–private co- ERIA (2026), ‘From President Marcos’ Call toAction: Strengthening Oil and Gas StockpilingSystems in ASEAN’.ERIA Policy Brief 2026-1.Jakarta: ERIA. Available at:https://www.eria.org/publications/from-president-marcos--call-to-action--strengthening-oil-and-gas- II. The Strategic Role of Oil and Gas Stockpiling in Energy Security Strategic stockpiling plays a critical role in energy security by providing both animmediate response mechanism during disruptions and a broader foundation foreconomic and strategic stability. Unlike market-based adjustments, which mighttake weeks or months to materialise, stockpiles can be deployed instantly tomaintain supply, particularly in the initial stages of a crisis (EIA, 2024; IEA, 2024a).Disruptions along this route can quickly constrain supply, trigger price volatility,and create cascading impacts across refining, power generation, petrochemicals, ©ERIA, 2026.DISCLAIMER:Allrightsreserved.Materialinthispublication may be freely quoted or reprintedwith proper acknowledgement. industry,and commerce.Strategic stockpiles provideimmediate supply continuity (ERIA, 2015; Elliott, 2015). III. ASEAN Oil and Gas Stockpiling Gap: Current Statusand Challenges IEA requires member countries to maintain at least 90 daysof emergency reserves (IEA, 2024b). ERIA studies similarlydemonstratethat stockpiling strengthens resilience byaffording time for supply diversification and policy responses(ERIA, 2017; 2024). Beyond emergency response, stockpilingalso delivers significant economic and strategic benefits. Itensures continuity of supply for critical sectors, as seen duringthe 2026 Strait of Hormuz disruption, when countries withsufficient reserves were able to sustain refinery operations andavoid shortages (ERIA, 2026). It also helps stabilise prices byreducing panic-driven volatility, as co-ordinate