我们信任的平板电脑？家庭调查中基于平板电脑的土地面积测量工具的使用验证

Policy Research Working Paper In Tablets We Trust? Validation of the Use of Tablet-Based Tools for Land AreaMeasurement in Household SurveysPublic Disclosure Authorized Federica PetruccelliSydney GourlayAdriana PaolantonioEmanuele ClementeJohn Ilukor A verified reproducibility package for this paper isavailable athttp://reproducibility.worldbank.org,clickherefor direct access. Policy Research Working Paper11363 Abstract Accurate and scalable methods for land area measurementare essential for estimating key agricultural indicators,such as crop yields, as well as understanding agriculturalrelationships. A significant body of literature has demon-strated systematic bias in farmer estimates of land area, themost inexpensive option, and at the same time providedevidence supporting the use of handheld GPS units forobjective measurement. Despite the successful adoptionof handheld GPS measurement in many survey opera- tablet-based approaches are highly correlated with handheldGPS measurements, with relatively small but statisticallysignificant differences in means. On average, the boostedand unboosted tablet measures exhibit absolute percent-age errors of approximately 11 and 12 percent, respectively,with underestimation more pervasive than overestimation.Importantly, the findings highlight that even small differ-ences in land area measurement can lead to substantialvariations in yield and production estimates, underscoring This paper is a product of the Development Data Group, Development Economics. It is part of a larger effort by the WorldBank to provide open access to its research and make a contribution to development policy discussions around the world.Policy Research Working Papers are also posted on the Web at http://www.worldbank.org/prwp. The authors may becontacted at sgourlay@worldbank.org. A verified reproducibility package for this paper is available athttp://reproducibility. The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about developmentissues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry thenames of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely thoseof the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and In Tablets We Trust?Validation of the Use of Tablet-Based Tools for Land AreaMeasurement in Household Surveys Federica Petruccelli‡§, Sydney Gourlay§, Adriana Paolantonio§, Emanuele Clemente§, John Ilukor JEL Codes: C83, O12, Q15, C88, Q12, Q24Keywords:household surveys, agriculture, land measurement, CAPI technology ‡Department of Social Sciences and Economics, Sapienza University of Rome; federica.petruccelli@uniroma1.it.§Development Data Group, World Bank; sgourlay@worldbank.org, apaolantonio@worldbank.org,eclemente@worldbank.org, jilukor@worldbank.org. CRediT Authorship Contribution Statement.Federica Petruccelli:Data curation,Formal analysis (lead), Methodology, Writing - original draft (lead);SydneyGourlay:Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision,Writing-original draft;Adriana Paolantonio:Conceptualization,Investigation,Methodology,Project Acknowledgments This paper was produced with financial support from the Korea Green Growth Trust Fund, theFoodSystems2030 Umbrella MDTF, and the 50x2030 Initiative to Close the Agricultural DataGap, a multi-partner program that seeks to bridge the global agricultural data gap bytransforming data systems in 50 countries in Africa, Asia, the Middle East and Latin Americaby 2030. For more information on the Initiative, visit 50x2030.org. The authors would like tothank Siobhan Murray (World Bank) for her valuable support in processing the geospatial dataused in this study. We are also grateful to the participants of the 32ndInternational Conferenceof Agricultural Economists (ICAE) for their insightful comments and suggestions on an earlier 1.Introduction Accurate land area measurement is critical for agricultural productivity analysis, landinequality assessments, and the formulation of evidence-based agricultural policies (Carlettoet al., 2013; Dillon et al., 2016). Developing a comprehensive understanding of agriculturalsystems, as well as designing and assessing the impacts of agricultural interventions, requires Land acts as a critical determinant of both absolute and relative farmer wealth, a key resourcein agricultural production, and a central variable for standardizing the use of inputs andmeasuring outputs. Often underestimated, the accuracy of land area measurement can haveprofound implications for the reliability of agricultural statistics, economic assessments, and Previous studies have highlighted systematic biases in respondent estimates of plot s