NDC 3.0工业脱碳指南：设计和优先排序政策与措施的结构化方法 第2卷

NDC 3.0 Guidebook forIndustrial Decarbonization: A Structured Approach to Designing andPrioritizing Policies and Measures OCTOBER 2025 The Net Zero Partnership for Industrial Decarbonization is a globalinitiative led by UNIDO that supports emerging markets and developingeconomies (EMDEs) in their transition towards low-carbon steel,cement, and concrete. The project offers tailored policy support,promotes decarbonization solutions, and encourages internationalcollaboration to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. © 2025 United Nations Industrial Development Organization VersionNovember 2025 Authors Gauss International Consulting: Juan L. Martín Ortega,SanderAkkermans, Leon Bengsch.UNIDO: Inés Oort Alonso, Hugo Salamanca. Contributors UNIDO: Nurzat Myrsalieva, Tomasz Pawelec, Adriana Fernandez,Walker Darke, Evita Moawad, Mahmoud Abouelnaga, Hien Minh Tran. Acknowledgments The authors would like to acknowledge contribution of the followingpeer reviewers: Andreea Miu (UNIDO, Global Matchmaking Platform),Deger Saygin (OECD), Dietram Oppelt (NDE Germany, UNFCCC TECMember), Edward Boyd (Mission Possible Partnership), Felipe Gomez(GIZ), Katja Dinges (Guidehouse), Laurens Speelman (RMI), MichaelBuechl (BMWK), Pär Gebauer (MAF), Paul Münnich (Agora Industry),Rana Ghoneim (UNIDO), Samyra Hachmann (GIZ), Sarbojit Pal (UNIDO,Global Matchmaking Platform), Timon Wehnert (Wuppertal), VivianeRaddatz (WWF). Recommended CitationUNIDO (2025) NDC 3.0 Guidebook for Industrial Decarbonization Volume2. UNIDO Vienna, Austria Editing, design and layoutSmall World Stories Disclaimer This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and any formatfor educational or non-profit purposes without special permissionfrom the copyright holder, provided that the source is acknowledged.However, prior written permission from the publisher is required forany resale or other commercial use of this publication. The findings,interpretations and conclusions expressed in this report are solelythose of the authors and should not be attributed to UNIDO. FOREWORD We are living in challenging and transformative timesand the global community is grappling with manychallenges including geopolitical tensions, economicuncertainty, conflicts, and the impacts of climatechange which are becoming more acute with eachpassing year. Resources are stretched, trust in global cooperation is underpressure, and progress toward our shared goals is way too slow.Yet in moments like these cooperation and partnerships are moreimportant than ever, and the need to act is clear. The climate crisis is not a distant threat. It is here. Records show thatlast year was once again record-breaking for heat, extreme weather,and climate-induced disasters such as both floods and droughts.Nowhere is the need for action more critical, and more complex, thanin heavy industry. Heavy industry, including steel, cement, and chemicals, accountsfor the largest share of industrial emissions. They are central to oureconomies and development, but they are also responsible for morethan 25 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions. Decarbonizingthese heavily-emitting sectors is both an immense challenge and agreat opportunity. Without considerable emissions cuts from heavy industry, theworld cannot reach its climate goals. Emissions from these sectors must fall by at least 20 percentby 2030 and 90 percent by mid-century. Despite this, investmentin industrial decarbonization remains far below what is needed,particularly in developing countries where demand for steel andcement is growing rapidly. The stakes are enormous, but so too is thepotential for transformation. The third round of Nationally Determined Contributions, or NDCs 3.0,offers a critical chance to deliver this transformation. These are notjust climate pledges. They are strategies for economic resilience,investment readiness, and sustainable industrial growth. Theyprovide a framework for aligning national development with globalclimate ambition - and for attracting the financing needed to turnideas into impact. We can no longer simply think of heavy industry as a hard-to-abate exception. Instead it must be a central pillar of our climate strategy. Marketsare beginning to align with this necessity. Demand for low-carbonproducts is gaining momentum, public procurement policies areincreasingly incentivizing greener materials, and the cost of cleantechnologies continues to decline. However, we must urgentlypress these positive trends forward, especially through greaterinternational cooperation and coherent policy frameworks that sendclear and consistent signals to the market. This guidebook is a tool for that. It supports governments inidentifying practical options to decarbonize their heavy industriesfor maximum impact. It reinforces the vital message that industrialdecarbonization is not just about reducing emissions – it is aboutbuilding more resilient and sustainable economies which are fit forthe future. Gerd