
From Procurement to Reliable Power Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) is an independent, nonpartisan nonprofit founded in 1982that transforms global energy systems through market-driven solutions to secure a prosperous,resilient, clean energy future for all. In collaboration with businesses, policymakers, funders,communities, and other partners, RMI drives investment to scale clean energy solutions, reduceenergy waste, and boost access to affordable clean energy in ways that enhance security,strengthen the economy, and improve people’s livelihoods. RMI is active in over 50 countries.RMI has been supporting India’s mobility and clean energy transition since 2016. All India Discoms Association (AIDA) is a not for profit collaboration platform representing awide spectrum of electricity distribution entities of India. Our members are state governmentowned Distribution Companies, private sector Discoms, Electricity Departments of UnionTerritories and Franchisees. AIDA serves as the unified voice of all electricity distribution entities in the country serving345 million electricity consumers. Our core objectives include fostering collaboration amongmembers, advocating for progressive policy and regulatory reforms, and driving holisticdevelopment across the power distribution sector. Authors andAcknowledgements Authors Benny BertagniniAnanya ChaureySonika ChoudharyJesse CohenMark DysonGenevieve LillisJagabanta NingthoujamAmogh Thatte Authors listed alphabetically. All authors from RMI unless otherwise noted. Contact indiainfo@rmi.org Citation Benny Bertagnini, Ananya Chaurey, Sonika Choudhary, Jesse Cohen, Mark Dyson, GenevieveLillis, Jagabanta Ningthoujam, and Amogh Thatte, Catalysing Energy Storage in India: FromProcurement to Reliable Power, RMI, March 2026,https://rmi.org/insight/catalysing-energy-storage-in-india. Copyrights RMI values collaboration and aims to accelerate the energy transition through sharingknowledge and insights. We therefore allow interested parties to reference, share, and cite ourwork through the Creative Commons CC BY-SA 4.0 license.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. All images used are from AdobeStock.com and iStock.com unless otherwise noted. Acknowledgements The authors would like to give special acknowledgement for their contribution to thedevelopment of this report to the following individuals: •Debmalya Sen, India Energy Storage Alliance (IESA)•Umang Maheshwari, Global Energy Alliance for People and Planet (GEAPP)•Nirmal Shaju, GEAPP•Shri Ashok Kumar Rajput, Former Member (Power System), Central Electricity Authority(CEA)•Dr. Nikit Abhyankar, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory•Shri Alok Kumar, All India DISCOMs Association (AIDA)•Satyendra Nath Kalita, AIDA•Arjun Gupta, RMI•Nuvodita Singh, RMI Table of Contents List of Abbreviations Used.......................................................................................6Foreword.......................................................................................................................9Executive Summary................................................................................................10Introduction.............................................................................................................24Landscape of Energy Storage Technologies.......................................................28Battery Storage Cost Trends and Procurement Options.................................66Battery Storage Applications and Value.............................................................90Pathways for Incentivising Storage Deployment............................................136Conclusion..............................................................................................................143Appendices.............................................................................................................145Endnotes.................................................................................................................163 List of Abbreviations Foreword ALL INDIA DISCOMs ASSOCIATION (Registered Society: S/ND/54/2024) 2ndFloor, CBIP Building, Malcha Marg, New Delhi – 110021www.aida-india.org | info@ www.aida-india.org | +011-45091795 Executive Summary Building out sufficient energy storage will be essential for India’s grid to successfully integrateincreasing generation from variable renewable resources and meet the future load demand.Peak demand growth exceeding historic projections is one key factor driving challenges forIndia’s electricity sector. India has also seen radical changes in its installed capacity mix, havingalready achieved the ambitious 2030 renewable energy deployment target of 50% cumulativeelectric power installed capacity from non-fossil fuel-based energy sources by summer 2025.1 Despite robust success with deployment, India’s renewable sector is facing challenges inscaling growth. Since 2023, there has been a notable rise in post-b