白皮书：数字金融服务中女性主导的中小企业的隐私和安全

Privacy and securityfor women-led SMBsin digital financialservices GSMA Mobile Money The GSMA is a global organisation unifying the mobileecosystem to discover, develop and deliver innovationfoundational to positive business environments and societalchange. Our vision is to unlock the full power of connectivityso that people, industry, and society thrive. The GSMA’s Mobile Money programme works to acceleratethe development of the mobile money ecosystem for theunderserved. For more information, please contact us: www.gsma.com/mobilemoney Representing mobile operators and organisations across themobile ecosystem and adjacent industries, the GSMA deliversfor its members across three broad pillars: Connectivity forGood, Industry Services and Solutions, and Outreach. Thisactivity includes advancing policy, tackling today’s biggestsocietal challenges, underpinning the technology andinteroperability that make mobile work, and providing theworld’s largest platform to convene the mobile ecosystem atthe MWC and M360 series of events. mobilemoney@gsma.com Visa is a world leader in digital payments, facilitatingtransactions between consumers, merchants, financialinstitutions, and government entities across more than 200countries and territories. The “Digital Finance for All” (DFA)initiative, a Visa-funded partnership between Visa and theGSMA Mobile for Development Foundation, is committed toadvancing sustainable growth. The DFA programme aims toenable individuals and small and micro businesses (SMBs) inlow and middle-income countries (LMICs) with digital financialservices and financial education to bolster financial inclusion. We invite you to find out more atwww.gsma.com Follow the GSMA on X: @GSMA Authors: Panos Loukos, GSMADalberg Research Limited Acknowledgements We extend our sincere appreciation to Visa for collaboratingwith the GSMA on this study and to Dalberg ResearchLimited for spearheading its implementation. We are alsograteful to the many stakeholders, including developmentagencies, consumer organisations, mobile networkoperators, regulators, digital financial service providers,microfinance institutions and fintechs, that generouslyshared their time, insights and expertise and enrichedthis work: Financial Sector Deepening (FSD) Kenya,Consultative Group to Assist the Poor (CGAP), UnitedNations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF), InternationalFinance Corporation (IFC), World Food Programme (WFP),Kenya Consumer Organisation, Safaricom Limited, CentralBank of Kenya, Jumo World, ECLOF Kenya, Onafriq, MukuruLimited, Numida Technologies Limited, OYE, Tala MobileKenya Limited and Juhudi Kilimo Company Limited. Contents Executive summary21. Introduction4Scope and research objectives8Target audience8Methodology82. Perceptions and expectations of DFS privacy and security9Perceptions of privacy and security when accessing DFS9Expectations of privacy and security when accessing DFS10The gap between perceptions and expectations123. Privacy and security in a DFS ecosystem: key actors and solutions13Key sector actors and their role in privacy and security13A taxonomy of privacy and security solutions for DFS154. Women-led SMBs and DFS: privacy and security considerations175. Conclusion19 Executive summary Small and micro businesses (SMBs) are thebackbone of economic growth and resilienceacross low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).They provide most of the employment opportunities,nurture entrepreneurial ecosystems and driveinnovation at the local level. Women-led SMBs forma critical part of this sector, providing livelihoodsand enabling inclusive economic participation. Yet,despite their contributions, women entrepreneursface persistent barriers to accessing and fullybenefitting from digital financial services (DFS). entrepreneurs, however, adoption and sustained useof DFS is shaped not only by product availability butalso by perceptions of privacy and security. Sincefinancial services are inherently based on trust,women’s willingness to engage depends on how safethey feel about their data, transactions and identitieswhen using DFS. This white paper explores the perceptions,expectations and lived experiences of women-led SMBs regarding privacy and security in DFS.Drawing on 18 key informant interviews (KIIs) inKenya, one of the world’s most dynamic DFS markets,and consumer insights from Visa’s ConsumerEmpowerment Studies in Kenya and across Centraland Eastern Europe, Middle East and Africa (CEMEA),the findings highlight how privacy and securityconcerns directly influence adoption, use and trust ofDFS. DFS, which range from mobile money to digitalcredit, savings and payments, have becomeindispensable tools for SMBs by offering scalable,affordable and accessible financial solutions.Inmarkets such as Kenya, mobile money platforms likeSafaricom’s M-PESA, have transformed how smallbusinesses transact, save and grow. For women Key findings 3.There is a persistent gap between perceptionsand expectations.