小型模块化反应堆在能源转型中的作用

THE ROLE OF SMALLMODULAR REACTORS INTHE ENERGY TRANSITION MAY 2023 AUTHORS ANDACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Authors Leadership Theteam is grateful for the mentorship andinputs provided by: Tata Consulting Engineers Limited (TCE) Dr. Rajashekhar Malur, Principal Investigator,Senior VP & Head - Plant Engineering &Design, TCE Dr. V. K. Saraswat,Member (Energy), NITI Aayog Mr. Ramadurai Raghavan, AssociateInvestigator, VP & Head - Power Business, TCE Peer-reviewers We would also like to thank the following expertswho peer-reviewed and provided valuable inputsin shaping the report: Mr. H. A. Mapari, Associate Investigator,Senior General Manager - Power Business, TCE Mr. Nomee Patel, Associate Investigator,Senior Engineer, TCE Mr. Dohee Hahn,Chair, SMR PlatformImplementation TeamInternational Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Mr. M Mustakim Surti, Associate Investigator,Senior Engineer, TCE Mr. Jeremy Whitlock, Senior Technical Advisor(Safeguards by Design),International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) NITI Aayog Dr. Ajit Kumar Mohanty,Director, BARC, India Mr. Rajnath Ram,Adviser (Energy), NITI Aayog Mr. B C. Pathak, Chairman,Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd. Mr. Manoj Kumar Upadhyay,Deputy Adviser (Energy), NITI Aayog Dr. R. B. Grover, Founding Vice Chancellor& Emeritus Professor, Homi Bhabha NationalInstitute, India Dr. Anjali Jain,Consultant, NITI Aayog Mr. A. P. Samal, General Manager (Nuclear Cell),NTPC Limited, India Ms Divya Midha,Consultant, NITI Aayog Mr. S. C. Chetal, Senior Advisor (R&D)Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), India Available at: NITI Aayog: www.niti.gov.in Disclaimer “This report is the compilation of the literature available in public domain in the field of Advanced NuclearTechnologies including SMRs. The meta-analysis based on the literature has been carried out jointly by NITIAayog, DAE and TCE. The observations that are germane from the review have also been considered by thestakeholders such as IAEA, Rosatom, General Atomics, HBNI, NPCIL, BARC, NTPC, BHEL and L&T. The reportis intended to stimulate healthy debate and deliberation in nuclear sector including developing manufacturingecosystem for the growth of SMR industry to meet countries’ energy transition/net-zero target dependingupon their own national circumstances.” ABOUT NITI AAYOG The National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog) serves as the apex publicpolicy think tank of the Government of India, and the nodal agency tasked withcatalyzing economic development, and fostering cooperative federalism through theinvolvement of State Governments of India in the economic policy-making process usinga bottom-up approach. NITI Aayog is developing itself as a state-of-the-art resourcecentre with the necessary knowledge and skills that will enable it to act with speed,promote research and innovation, provide strategic policy advice for the government,and deal with contingent issues. It is supported by an attached office, DevelopmentMonitoring and Evaluation Office (DMEO), a flagship initiative, Atal Innovation Mission(AIM), and an autonomous body, National Institute of Labour Economics Researchand Development (NILERD). ABOUT DAE The Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) came into being on August 3, 1954 underthe direct charge of the Prime Minister through a Presidential Order. According tothe Resolution constituting the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC), the Secretary tothe Government of India in the DAE is ex-officio Chairman of the AEC. DAE has beenengaged in the development of nuclear power technology and application of radiationtechnologies in the fields of agriculture, medicine, industry and basic research. DAEcomprisesfive research centers,three industrial organizations,five public sectorundertakings and three service organizations. It has under its aegis two boards forpromoting and funding extra-mural research in nuclear and allied fields, mathematicsanda national institute(deemed university).It also supports eight institutes ofinternational repute engaged in research in basic sciences, astronomy, astrophysics,cancer research and education. ABOUT TCE Tata Consulting Engineers Limited (TCE) is India’s Leading Integrated EngineeringConsultantproviding Concept to Commissioning services.With 10,000+projectsdeliveredin more than 55 countries,the company has a double-digit five-yearCAGR. TCE is amongst the top two consultants in its core sectors - Power, Infraand Resources. It is a well-diversified firm with equal distribution between domesticand international projects. TCE continues to be a part of India’s strategic projectsacross infra, transportation, nuclear, power, defence, space and urbanization. Servicesoffered by TCE include Design & Engineering, Project Management & Safety, Digital &Advanced Technology, Procurement Management, etc. CONTENTS List of TablesviiList of FiguresviiiList of Abbreviationsix EXECUTIVE SUMMARY1 1.INTRODUCTION 7 1.1Background81.2Global Energy Mix, Primary Energy Sources