格鲁吉亚可持续交通：路线图（英）2025

Co-funded bythe European Union INTERNATIONAL ENERGYAGENCY The IEA examines the fullspectrumof energy issuesincluding oil, gas andcoal supply anddemand, renewableenergy technologies,electricity markets,energy efficiency,access to energy,demand sidemanagement and muchmore. Through its work,the IEA advocatespolicies that will enhancethe reliability,affordability andsustainability of energyin its32Member countries,13Association countriesand beyond. IEAAssociationcountries: IEAMembercountries: AustraliaAustriaBelgiumCanadaCzech RepublicDenmarkEstoniaFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIrelandItalyJapanKoreaLatviaLithuaniaLuxembourgMexicoNetherlandsNew ZealandNorwayPolandPortugalSlovak RepublicSpainSwedenSwitzerlandRepublic of TürkiyeUnited KingdomUnited States ArgentinaBrazilChinaEgyptIndiaIndonesiaKenyaMoroccoSenegalSingaporeSouth AfricaThailandUkraine This publication and any mapincluded herein are withoutprejudice to the status of orsovereignty over any territory,to the delimitation ofinternational frontiers andboundaries and to the nameof any territory, city or area. The EuropeanCommission alsoparticipates in thework of the IEA Source: IEA.International Energy AgencyWebsite: www.iea.org Abstract Purpose The International Energy Agency (IEA) developed this Sustainable TransportPolicyfor Georgia roadmap under the European Union-funded five-yearEU4Energy programme, which supports evidence-based energy policy and datacapabilities in Eastern Partnership countries, including Georgia. The roadmap supports sustainable transport planning at national and city levels,summarising legislation, planning documents, and research on passenger andfreight transport. Key metrics include accessibility, safety, convenience, equity,energy efficiency, emissions reduction, congestion and service reliability. Policiesand targets are proposed to help Georgia meet the United Nations’ SustainableDevelopment Goals and achieve its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC)pledges. The government of Georgia is encouraged to integrate these recommendationsinto legislation and planning. While transport covers many fuels and technologies,this roadmap focuses primarily on reducing emissions and energy use in roadtransport while improving accessibility, performance and safety. It also providesguidance for non-governmental organisations (NGOs), development financiersand the private sector. Structure Thisroadmap begins with an outline of Georgia’s institutional and policyframework, followed by the broader context, highlighting transport’s role in theeconomy and its environmental impacts. It reviews transport’s effects on people’slives, including both benefits (access to goods and services) and drawbacks(congestion, air and climate pollution, and road injuries and deaths). Since national and municipal policies shape transport technology, infrastructureand operations, the report first examines the country as a whole, followed byGeorgia’s largest cities. With road vehicles responsible for more than 98% ofdomestic transport energy use and carbon dioxide (CO₂)emissions, the focus ison road transport. Opportunities identified include improving vehicle efficiency – particularly byaccelerating electric vehicle (EV) adoption – and cutting reliance on inefficientvehicles by reducing unnecessary car travel and shifting to buses, metro, walking and cycling, as well as intercity passenger and freight rail. These opportunities arepresented as a coordinated and sequenced portfolio of policies designed toenhance transport efficiency and effectiveness while advancing road transportelectrification. Acknowledgements, contributorsand credits This study was written and produced by Jacob Teter (Consultant, University ofCalifornia, Davis – European Transport Energy Research Centre), and directedby Talya Vatman, Caspian & Black Sea Programme Manager. The report benefited from valuable inputs, comments and feedback from IEAcolleagues, in particular, Theresa Gebhardt (Caspian & Black Sea ProgrammeOfficer), Talya Vatman and Markus Fager-Pintilä (EU4Energy Programme DataManager),as well as Shane McDonagh(Energy Efficiency and InclusiveTransitions). Special thanks go to Murman Margvelashvili (Director of Energy Studies at WorldExperience for Georgia), Anna Sikharulidze (Director at Sustainable DevelopmentCentre Remissia), Giorgi Gigauri (Senior Urban Transport Specialist – Freelance),and Gela Kvashilava (Partnership for Road Safety, EASST Expertise), for theirinsights on Georgia’s data, policies and strategic planning. The report was edited by Nicola Clark and its publication was coordinated byGaelleBruneau from the Communications and Digital Office(CDO).Astrid Dumond, Liv Gaunt and Clara Vallois handled the final production. PoeliBojorquez and Lucile Wall provided the graphic design support. Many government officials and international experts provided input and revieweda preliminary draft of the report. Their comments and suggestions were of greatvalue.