通过产品碳足迹评估的标准化和协调化推进药品的环境可持续性评估

ExecutiveSummary A widely accepted cross-national standard has yetto be established, despite the pressing need forstandardisation and harmonisation. This gap hasbeen recognised, and in response ”PAS 2090:2025,Pharmaceutical products – Product category rules forenvironmental life cycle assessments”3– has beendeveloped by key stakeholders across industry (e. g.Sustainable Markets Initiative, Pharma EnvironmentGroup), academia, and healthcare, together with theBritish Standards Institution (BSI) and with the co-sponsorship of NHS England and the Office for LifeSciences (UK). PAS 2090 is the first publicly availablespecification to establish harmonised ProductCategory Rules (PCR) for conducting LCAs andPCFs of pharmaceutical products. The standard waspublished on the 30th November 2025’. PAS2090 sets minimum requirements for data quality,methodological consistency, and reporting, and isdesigned to be internationally applicable. The innovative pharmaceutical industry asrepresented by the European Federation ofPharmaceutical Industries and Associations(EFPIA) is committed to climate action andfurther environmental sustainability aspects.1Increasingly, policymakers, healthcare systems,buyers, and the wider society are calling fortransparent, product-level environmentalinformation, primarily Product Carbon Footprints(PCF), as the expectation for granular data growsacross all industries. To date, there’s been an absence of harmonised PCFor Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)2standards tailoredspecifically to pharmaceuticals, leading to significantmethodological discrepancies between companies,and resulting in inconsistent and potentiallymisleading results. Without standardisation of environmental footprint methodologies across the healthcareand pharmaceutical sectors, several risks emerge, including: •Reduced credibility of environmental claims and perceptions of greenwashing;•Procurement decisions being shaped by methodological discrepancies rather than by the actualsustainability performance of products and operations;•Regulatory inefficiencies from duplicated efforts and inconsistent data;•Missing the opportunity to make progress towards sustainable products, innovation andcollaboration. EFPIA Ask EFPIA, representing the innovative biopharmaceutical industry in Europe, calls onpolicymakers, regulators, and healthcare stakeholders: Endorse Supportinternational cross-stakeholder Recognisethe importance of standardised one internationally acceptedstandard in support of aharmonised approach addressingthe risks of methodologicalvariability; transparency through thedisclosure of PCFs, awareness and collaboration. Recognisethat PAS 2090 is the most robust approach for Increase pharmaceuticals, as it was developed independentlyand designed for international use with the support ofstakeholders from academia, health authorities, NGOs,and the pharmaceutical industry (incl. suppliers); transparency and trust, support regulatory alignment,and accelerate the transition to more sustainablehealthcare systems through a harmonised PCFmethodology; Product Comparison: EFPIA companies recognise that despite thisstandardisation, differences in data quality,data availability, and complex supply chainslimit the direct comparison of PCF results ofpharmaceuticals across companies. EFPIA companies reinforce the need tocontextualise product comparisons within thepatient care pathway. The environmental andclinical impacts of pharmaceutical products aredeeply intertwined with how, when, and wherethey are used across the continuum of care, andcannot be compared as a sole product. Introduction Growing awareness of thepharmaceutical industry’senvironmental footprinthas sparked interest in theenvironmental impact ofpharmaceutical productsamong various stakeholders. Pharmaceutical companies are increasingly expectedto provide reliable product-specific environmentalinformation, such as PCF. The companies of theEuropean Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries andAssociations (EFPIA), which represent the innovativebiopharmaceutical industry, are actively engaged inassessing and mitigating product-related environmentalimpacts. EFPIA acknowledges the interest in havingproduct environmental data to support climate goals,and member companies are proactively preparing to beable to provide product-level environmental information,such as PCFs, and ensure the information is interpretedcorrectly, and acted upon accordingly. To promote aharmonised approach, EFPIA advocates for regulatorsthat ask for PCFs or LCAs, to adopt one unified standardacross countries and for recognising PAS 2090 as thestandard to be applied internationally for any product-level environmental footprint requirement. Background and Challenges The methodology for assessing and reportingGreenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions at the corporatelevel is well-established, standardised and widelyadopted4. In contrast, product-level environmentalreporting in the pharmaceutical sector, par