人工智能与大学的未来

Edited by Dr Giles Carden and Josh Freeman List of contributors Dr Ant Bagshawis a Deputy Chief Executive of the Australian Public PolicyInstitute based in Camberra. Professor Kate Borthwickis Professor of Digital Education at theUniversity of Southampton. Dr Giles Cardenis Chief Strategy OƯcer and Chief of Staƪ at the Universityof Southampton. Dr Vinton G Cerfis one of the ‘Fathers of the Internet’ and is Vice-Presidentand Chief Internet Evangelist at Google. DameWendyHallis Regius Professor of Computer Science, Associate VicePresident (International Engagement) and Director of the Web ScienceInstitute at the University of Southampton. Professor Janice KayCBEis Director of Higher Futures and was formerlyProvost at the University of Exeter. Professor Rose Luckinis Professor of Learner Centred Design at the UCLKnowledge Lab, Director of EDUCATE and a member of the ComputingCollege of the ESPRC. Derfel Owenis Registrar and Director of Education Services at the LondonSchool of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. Dr Sudheer Parwanais a Partner at PwC and OpenAI UK Alliance Leader. ChatGPT Enterpriseis an advanced version of OpenAI’s ChatGPTgenerative AI tool, powered by a Large Language Model that is speciƬcallydesigned for businesses and large organisations. Contents Forewordby Dame Wendy Hall and Dr Giles Carden5 1.AILiteracy:developingessentialskillsforstaƪandstudentsby Professor Kate Borthwick102.The AI revolution is here now: so what about our workforce?by Professor Janice Kay and Derfel Owen163.ArtiƬcialIntelligenceandthefutureofstrategyby Dr Giles Carden214.It is time for university professional services to embraceGenAIby Dr Ant Bagshaw275.Large Language Models, education and the evolution ofdigital dialogueby Dr Vinton G Cerf316.AI and human intelligenceby Professor Rose Luckin357.Transforming professional services in higher educationwith AIby Dr Sudheer Parwana418.ArtiƬcialIntelligenceandthefutureofresearchinuniversitiesby ChatGPT45 Glossary ArtiƬcialIntelligence(AI):The general term for technologies that cananalyse their environment and act with a degree of autonomy to achievespeciƬc goals. It encompasses a wide range of applications. Multimodal AI:ArtiƬcial intelligence systems that can process, understandand generate information across multiple modalities, such as text, images,audio and video. GenerativeAI(GenAI):A subset of AI that can produce new content, suchas text, images, or other media. Examples are OpenAI’s ChatGPT, MicrosoftOƯce’s CoPilot, Google’s Gemini and Anthropic’s Claude. Machine learning:A subƬeld of artiƬcial intelligence that focuses onbuilding algorithms that can ‘learn’ and improve automatically from data,without being explicitly programmed for every task. Instead of a humanwriting speciƬc rules, the computer analyses large datasets to Ƭnd patternsand make predictions or decisions. LargeLanguageModels(LLMs):A speciƬc type of Generative AI designedto understand and generate human-like text based on vast amounts of data.For example, ChatGPT is has a remarkable ability to generate coherentoutput but also the potential for ‘hallucination’ (producing convincingbut false information). Foreword By Dame Wendy Hall and Dr Giles Carden These essays arrive at a pivotal moment, oƪering a multifaceted explorationof the profound impact of ArtiƬcial Intelligence on the academic landscape. Far from being a distant future, the ‘AI revolution is right here and rightnow’, as Janice Kay and Derfel Owen remind us, demanding immediate andthoughtful engagement from institutions, educators and students alike.This volume serves as a compass, guiding readers through the complexterrain of AI’s integration into higher education, highlighting key themes,contrasting perspectives and identifying crucial areas of convergenceand divergence. The speed at which AI capabilities are advancing andpermeating every facet of society necessitates a proactive and informedresponse, making this collection not just timely but valuable for anyoneinvolved in shaping the future of learning. At the heart of this discourse lies the varied deƬnitions and expectationsof AI itself. From Kate Borthwick’s pragmatic view of GenAI as a ubiquitousand rapidly advancing tool, now increasingly integrated into familiarsoftware like Microsoft OƯce’s CoPilot and Grammarly, to Rose Luckin’smore philosophical exploration of AI as a technology that ‘analyse[s] theirenvironment and act[s] with a certain degree of autonomy to achievespeciƬc goals’, the contributors grapple with what AI truly is and, moreimportantly, what it means for human intelligence. Luckin compellinglydescribes this moment as a ‘perfect storm’, driven by the convergenceof vast data, advanced machine learning algorithms and unprecedentedprocessing power, fundamentally challenging our traditional notionsof intelligence. One of the fathers of the internet and Google Vice-President Vinton G Cerf’s contribution, ‘Large Language M