2025年欧盟更好的监管实践

Better Regulation Practicesacross the European Union2025 This work was approved and declassified by the Regulatory Policy Committee on 09/04/2025. This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty overany territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use ofsuch data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements inthe West Bank under the terms of international law. Note by the Republic of Türkiye The information in this document with reference to “Cyprus” relates to the southern part of the Island. There is no singleauthority representing both Turkish and Greek Cypriot people on the Island. Türkiye recognises the Turkish Republic ofNorthern Cyprus (TRNC). Until a lasting and equitable solution is found within the context of the United Nations, Türkiyeshall preserve its position concerning the “Cyprus issue”. Note by all the European Union Member States of the OECD and the European UnionThe Republic of Cyprus is recognised by all members of the United Nations with the exception of Türkiye. Theinformation in this document relates to the area under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus. Photo credits:Cover © MDart10/Shutterstock.com. Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found at: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/support/corrigenda.html.© OECD 2025 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. By using this work, you accept to be bound by the terms of this licence(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Attribution– you must cite the work.Translations– you must cite the original work, identify changes to the original and add the following text:In the event of any discrepancy between the original work and thetranslation, only the text of the original work should be considered valid.Adaptations– you must cite the original work and add the following text:This is an adaptation of an original work by the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed inthis adaptation should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its Member countries.Third-party material– the licence does not apply to third-party material in the work. If using such material, you are responsible for obtaining permission from the third party and forany claims of infringement.You must not use the OECD logo, visual identity or cover image without express permission or suggest the OECD endorses your use of the work.Any dispute arising under this licence shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) Arbitration Rules 2012. The seat of arbitration shallbe Paris (France). The number of arbitrators shall be one. Foreword TheBetter Regulation Practices across the European Union 2025 report provides a comprehensiveanalysis of rulemaking practices across all Member States of the European Union, assessing theiralignment with OECD best practices for high-quality regulation. Building on the two previous editionspublished in 2019 and 2022, this third edition tracks progress to date and identifies key priorities for furtherimprovement. The analysis is grounded in the OECD Indicators of Regulatory Policy and Governance (iREG), whichbenchmarkcountries’performance against the OECD Recommendation on Regulatory Policy andGovernance. To ensure full coverage of EU Member States (EUMS), the scope of the data collection hasbeen extended to three OECD accession candidate countries--Bulgaria, Croatia, and Romania--as wellas non-Members Cyprus and Malta. The report focuses on three core better regulation tools–stakeholderengagement,ex anteregulatory impact assessment andex postevaluation. It also examines how EUMSapply these tools in the context of EU law, particularly in preparing for negotiations at the Council of theEU and in the domestic transposition of EU directives. To provide a practical and action-orientedassessment, this report uses the t stages of the regulatory policy cycle as an analytical lens to track theimplementation of better regulation practices, includingidentifying challenges and exploring solutions;regulatory design;monitoring and implementation; andevaluation and review. Numerous examples fromacross EUMS complement the data analysis, illustrating good practice and offering potential pathways forimprovement. Thereport was prepared by the OECD Public Governance Directorate under the leadership of ElsaPilichowski.It was co-ordinated by Tobias Querbach under the direction of AnnaPietikäinen, Head of theRegulatory Policy Division. The main authors are Tobias Querbach and Ramisa Huq.Guidance and inputthroughout the development w