中亚经济体特别方案2030倡议战略和技术咨询小组：第一次会议的报告和建议，日内瓦，2025年2月12日至13日

Report and recommendationsof the first meeting, Geneva,12–13 February 2025 Strategic andtechnicaladvisory groupon the SPECS2030 initiative Report and recommendationsof the first meeting, Geneva,12–13 February 2025 © World Health Organization 2025 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO;https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work fornon-commercial purposes, provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below.In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specificorganization, products or services. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. If youadapt the work, then you must license your work under the same or equivalent CreativeCommons licence. If you create a translation of this work, you should add the followingdisclaimer along with the suggested citation: “This translation was not created by theWorld Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracyof this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authenticedition”. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted inaccordance with the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization(http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules/). Suggested citation.Strategic and technical advisory group on the SPECS 2030initiative: report and recommendations of the first meeting, Geneva, 12-13 February 2025.Geneva: World Health Organization; 2025.https://doi.org/10.2471/B09492. Licence:CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data.CIP data are available athttps://iris.who.int/. Sales, rights and licensing.To purchase WHO publications, seehttps://www.who.int/publications/book-orders. To submit requests for commercial use and queries on rightsand licensing, seehttps://www.who.int/copyright. Third-party materials.If you wish to reuse material from this work that is attributed toa third party, such as tables, figures or images, it is your responsibility to determinewhether permission is needed for that reuse and to obtain permission from the copyrightholder. The risk of claims resulting from infringement of any third-party-ownedcomponent in the work rests solely with the user. General disclaimers.The designations employed and the presentation of the materialin this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part ofWHO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities,or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines onmaps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not implythat they are endorsed or recommended by WHO in preference to others of a similarnature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietaryproducts are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by WHO to verify the information containedin this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warrantyof any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and useof the material lies with the reader. In no event shall WHO be liable for damages arisingfrom its use. This publication contains the report and recommendations of the first meeting of theStrategic and technical advisory group on the SPECS 2030 initiative and does notnecessarily represent the decisions or policies of WHO. Contents 1.Introduction12.Proceedings33.Recommendations84.Follow-up actions and next steps12References14Annex 1. List of participants15Annex 2. Meeting agenda19Annex 3. Evolution of the classification of vision impairment21Annex 4. Patient/user journey – distance vision spectacles22Annex 5. Patient/user journey – near vision spectacles23Annex 6. Product journey24 1.Introduction 1.1Background Uncorrected refractive error is the leading cause of vision impairment in child andadult populations(1).It is estimated that at least 826 million people worldwidehave distance- and/or near-vision impairment due to lack of access to refractiveerror services and spectacles(2). The need for spectacles is projected to riseconsiderably due to the increasing prevalence of presbyopia, expected to affect2.1 billion people by 2030, and myopia, expected to reach 3.36 billion people by2030(3). Recognizing the urgency of this need, World Health Organization (WHO) MemberStates endorsed the first-ever global target for refractive error at the Seventy-fourth World Health Assembly (WHA) in 2021 – a 40-percentage point increase inthe effective coverage of refractive error (eREC) by 2030(4).This milestoneunderscored the need for increasing access to refractive er