东南亚和东亚地区塑料展望

Regional Plastics Outlookfor Southeast and East Asia This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed andarguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Member countries of the OECD. This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty overany territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use ofsuch data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements inthe West Bank under the terms of international law. Note by the Republic of Türkiye The information in this document with reference to “Cyprus” relates to the southern part of the Island. There is no singleauthority representing both Turkish and Greek Cypriot people on the Island. Türkiye recognises the Turkish Republic ofNorthern Cyprus (TRNC). Until a lasting and equitable solution is found within the context of the United Nations, Türkiyeshall preserve its position concerning the “Cyprus issue”. Note by all the European Union Member States of the OECD and the European UnionThe Republic of Cyprus is recognised by all members of the United Nations with the exception of Türkiye. Theinformation in this document relates to the area under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus. Photo credits:Cover © Makhh/Shutterstock.com. Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found at: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/support/corrigenda.html.© OECD 2025 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. By using this work, you accept to be bound by the terms of this licence(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Attribution– you must cite the work.Translations– you must cite the original work, identify changes to the original and add the following text:In the event of any discrepancy between the original work and thetranslation, only the text of original work should be considered valid.Adaptations– you must cite the original work and add the following text:This is an adaptation of an original work by the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed inthis adaptation should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its Member countries.Third-party material– the licence does not apply to third-party material in the work. If using such material, you are responsible for obtaining permission from the third party and forany claims of infringement.You must not use the OECD logo, visual identity or cover image without express permission or suggest the OECD endorses your use of the work.Any dispute arising under this licence shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) Arbitration Rules 2012. The seat of arbitration shallbe Paris (France). The number of arbitrators shall be one. Foreword Plastics are pervasive materials in our societies used for a wide range ofapplications, from foodpreservation to materials for vehicles, garments and sterile medical devices. While plastics offer numerousbenefits, their lifecycle impacts the environment through pollution, as well as climate change andbiodiversity loss. Countries around the world have started taking policy action to tackle plastic pollution inrecent years. To scale up ambition and better coordinate policy efforts, negotiations began in 2022 todevelop an international, legally-binding instrument to end plasticpollution. Plastic production, use, waste mismanagement and leakage to the environment are not uniformlydistributed, globally. Countries in Southeast and East Asia exhibit trends and characteristics that makethem both major contributors to plastic pollution and particularly vulnerable to the risks for the environment,human health and wellbeing, as well as economies and livelihoods. In several countries in this region, thedevelopment of waste management systems has not been rapid enough to keep up withfast-paced growthin plastics use and waste generation, resulting in releases of plastics to the environment and increasingpollution. Geographical features, such as extensive coastlines, high rainfall and the occurrence of extremeweather events may all contribute to plastics being transported to the oceans via contaminated rivers,contributing to marine debris. Ending plastic pollution is crucial to support the region's ambitions for greengrowth as well as to safeguard the health of the entire planet. This Regional Plastics Outlook focuses on Southeast and East Asia, specifically the ASEAN Plus Three(hereafter APT). The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) includes 10 countries: BruneiDarussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia,