新兴技术在妇女健康和可持续发展中的作用

The World Government Summit is a global platformdedicated to shaping the future of governmentsworldwide. Each year, the Summit sets the agendafor the next generation of governments with a focuson how they can harness innovation and technologyto solve universal challenges facing humanity.The World Government Summit is a knowledgeexchange center at the intersection of government,futurism, technology, and innovation. It functionsas a thought leadership platform and networkinghub for policymakers, experts and pioneers inhuman development.The Summit is a gateway to the future as it functionsas the stage for analysis of future trends, concerns,and opportunities facing humanity. It is also an arena toshowcase innovations, best practice, and smart solutionsto inspire creativity to tackle these future challenges.AnsweringTomorrow’sQuestionsToday Table of ContentsTopicsIntroductionMeasuring women’s health empowermentFactors affecting women’shealth empowermentRenewing the capabilitiesapproach with emerging technologiesActions for policymakersConclusionAppendixReferences 611162737454850 IntroductionThe journey towards sustainable development requires theempowerment of women. The World Bank describes women’sempowerment as “the expansion of the freedom of choices andaction, which could increase women’s authority and control overresources and decisions regarding their lives.” This “freedom ofchoices and actions”—determined by both community and individualagency—impacts women’s health outcomes by enabling adequatenutrition, access to health resources, control over maternal andreproductive health, and access to finances, among other factors.The following issues present significant barriersto women’s health empowerment:•Lack of appropriate infrastructure and investments,restricting women’s health choices•Social norms and institutions that prevent or impede choicefor women, whether with their consent or through coercion•Policy context that is unable to provide an integrated approachtowards women’s health empowerment.Complete empowerment can be achieved only by providing accessto health services at every stage of women’s lives. While there is nomagic pill, the emergence of new technologies enables developingcountries to reach higher levels of health empowerment for womenin a shorter time with minimal additional spend. This paper aimsto demonstrate how policymakers can make crucial interventions,aided by technology, to foster women’s health empowermentand social justice. We present women’s health empowerment asa composite measure including resources, agency, and outcomes. The challengesat hand, andhow technologycan help Despite significant progress,especially since the 1960s, morethan half a million women die everyyear in pregnancy and childbirth dueto entirely preventable reasons.99 percent of them live in the developing world.Along with this persistent threat, women todayface new and serious health risks: 50 percentof all adults living with HIV/AIDS worldwideare women, with those aged 15-24 yearsdisproportionately affected.iAccording to the United Nations Women’sPolicy Division, women’s empowermentrequires focused interventions, and alldevelopment projects and policies mustbe gender-sensitive.iiIt is vital to buildresilience from birth, embed it in communities,and support women throughout their lives.However, developing countries struggleto implement policies and programs thatseek to improve health outcomes for women.While many programs are designed to addressspecific aspects of empowerment at differentstages of life, none of them are integrated intoa holistic model that can be measured periodicallyto provide feedback to policymakers on theefficacy of such interventions at scale.>500k99%Women die everyyear in pregnancyand childbirthLive in thedeveloping world 50%Adults living withHIV/AIDS worldwideare women That’s where technology can help. By bringingtogether data and systems, technology can deliveractionable insight into specific local contextswhere change is essential, helping stakeholdersand decision-makers to design targeted women’shealth empowerment programs (see figure 1).For example, if social norms prevent womenmaking effective use of existing resources, themost urgent requirement would be to addressthis challenge rather than simply spending moreon expanding the health infrastructure. At a morefundamental level, technology can also helpgather insights into the specific challenges thatwomen face, and on which policymakers shouldfocus their attention.This paper will explore areas including:•What does health empowerment ofwomen mean?•Which resource and capability issuesneed to be addressed to achievewomen’s health empowerment?ResourcesInfrastructure, financesCapabilitiesPolicy, data, socialAwarenessDecision-makers/StakeholdersIntegration layer enabled by technologyFigure 1: Proposed use of technology to guide policymakers’ approach tofostering women’s health empowermentSource: Accenture Research •How can new and