使医疗保健系统具有弹性。下一个十年行动计划

The World Government Summit is a global platform dedicated toshaping the future of governments worldwide. Each year, the Summitsets the agenda for the next generation of governments, with a focuson how they can harness innovation and technology to solve universalchallenges facing humanity.The World Government Summit is a knowledge exchange center at theintersection of government, futurism, technology, and innovation. Itfunctions as a thought leadership platform and networking hub forpolicymakers, experts and pioneers in human development.The Summit is a gateway to the future as it functions as the stage foranalysis of future trends, concerns, and opportunities facing humanity.It is also an arena to showcase innovations, best practice, and smartsolutions to inspire creativity to tackle future challenges.AnsweringTomorrow’sQuestions,Today Table of ContentsExecutive SummaryThe Imperative of Healthcare ResilienceA Plan for ActionCase Study: Reshoring PharmaceuticalProduction in FranceCase Study: Regional Disaster HealthResponse in the United StatesCase Study: National UniversityCancer Institute, SingaporeConclusionAppendix: Indicators in the CompositeHealthcare Resilience FrameworkContactsEndnotesUnderstanding Healthcare ResilienceA Framework for Assessing Healthcare ResilienceExposure to HazardsHealthcare System VulnerabilitiesResponse Capacities 333443010519232731460309111315 ExecutiveSummary1 It has become all too apparent that healthcare systemsaround the world are poorly prepared to meet thedemands of the populations they serve. The COVID-19pandemic has underscored this harsh truth: In everythingfrom public health capacity to the simple availabilityof personal protective equipment, governments andhealthcare providers everywhere have struggled to copewith the spread and impact of this virus.The failures highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic havenot been the only sign that current healthcare systems arestruggling to protect local populations.Major public healththreats — arising from both natural and human causes— have been exposing the weaknesses of healthcaresystems that, in most cases, were designed for morestable and predictable circumstances.Today, just as the business sector has recognized theneed to adapt to a world of volatility, uncertainty, andcomplexity, the healthcare sector must take urgent stepsto build its resilience. Governments, regulators, andhealthcare providers must work to make systems morerobust over the next decade. Under-standingHealthcareResilience3 Healthcare resilience can be defined in different ways.It has been described as “a health care system’sability to adjust its functioning prior to, during, orfollowing changes and disturbances, so that it cansustain required performance under both expected andunexpected conditions”1; or as “the capacity to adaptto challenges and changes at different system levels,to maintain high quality care.”2Strategy& defineshealthcare resilience as the capacity of countries toprevent, surveil, respond to, and recover from shocks,stresses, and adversity (see Exhibit 1).Building healthcare resilience requires coordinatedaction among three sets of core stakeholders: centralEXHIBIT 1: HEALTHCARE RESILIENCESource: Strategy&Countries need to have the capacity to:… in the face of shocks, stresses, & adversity…PREVENT…Prevention is a healthcare system’s ability toanticipate potential shocks, prepare institutions& human resources for emergency, whileensuring availability of enough critical medicalsupplies & equipment for times of crisis…RESPOND…Response is a healthcare system’s ability to dealwith any emerging health crisis or shock, thenquickly mitigate & adjust to changing conditionsin a way that is agile and flexible governments (acting both internally and in cross-government efforts), health system regulators, andhealthcare providers.Each of these core stakeholders needs to act acrossthree areas: exposure to hazards, vulnerabilities, andresponse capacities. This paper presents a frameworkfor assessing where a country stands in each of thesethree areas, and blueprints for action for each set ofstakeholders with respect to prevention, surveillance,response, and recovery. Case studies illustratehow particular healthcare system stakeholders aredemonstrating what can be done to address theimperative of healthcare resilience.…SURVEIL…Surveillance is a healthcare system’s ability todetect, early on, the emergence of a crisis,monitor it, & control its spread across an area,small or large…& RECOVER…Recovery is a healthcare system’s ability to regainits pre-crisis operating capacity & improve byenhancing resilience against potential futureshocks 4 TheImperative ofHealthcareResilience5 The consequences of unprepared healthcare systems during the COVID-19pandemic have been severe. As of May 7, 2021, more than 156 millionCOVID-19 cases have been confirmed worldwide, with more than 3.2 milliondeaths.3It is estimated that as many as 150 million people will fall in