促进可持续海洋经济 发展合作指南

Promoting SustainableOcean EconomiesGUIDANCE FOR DEVELOPMENT CO‑OPERATION This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty overany territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area.Please cite this publication as:OECD (2025),Promoting Sustainable Ocean Economies: Guidance for Development Co-operation, Best Practices inDevelopment Co-operation, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/72055d7f-en.Best Practices in Development Co-operationISSN 2707-5583 (online)Photo credits:Cover © hadynyah/Getty Images.Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found at: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/support/corrigenda.html.© OECD 2025Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. By using this work, you accept to be bound by the terms of this licence(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Attribution– you must cite the work.Translations– you must cite the original work, identify changes to the original and add the following text:In the event of any discrepancy between the original work and thetranslation, only the text of original work should be considered valid.Adaptations– you must cite the original work and add the following text:This is an adaptation of an original work by the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed inthis adaptation should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its Member countries.Third-party material– the licence does not apply to third-party material in the work. If using such material, you are responsible for obtaining permission from the third party and forany claims of infringement.You must not use the OECD logo, visual identity or cover image without express permission or suggest the OECD endorses your use of the work.Any dispute arising under this licence shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) Arbitration Rules 2012. The seat of arbitration shallbe Paris (France). The number of arbitrators shall be one. PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE OCEAN ECONOMIES © OECD 2025ForewordA sustainable ocean economy can deliver gains across multiple priorities–from economic developmentto climate action and biodiversity conservation. When healthy, the ocean supports the livelihood of coastalcommunities, regulates the climate and houses rich marine biodiversity. It is an essential piece of thesustainable development puzzle, as codified by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in Goal 14(“Life below water”).Recent milestones in the growing international co-operation efforts towards asustainable ocean economy include the adoption of the Kunming-Montreal Biodiversity Framework, theAgreement on Marine Biodiversity in areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ Agreement), as well as theprogress towards a global plastics treaty and thelead up to the Third United Nations Ocean Conferencein 2025.For developing countries, including Small Island Developing States (SIDS), harnessing the ocean forsustainable and resilient development means seizing an increasing array of economic opportunities, madeapparent by the rapid growth of the ocean economy, while managing escalating risks such as sea-levelrise and marine pollution. Very often, however, limited resources in terms of finance, technology andindividual and organisational capacities stand in the way.Development co-operation has a critical role to play in helping those countries alleviate these obstacles,as acknowledged by theDevelopment Assistance Committee’s (DAC) Declaration on a New Approach toAlign Development Co-operation withthe Goals of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change. However,ocean-related official development assistance (ODA) is limited (roughly 1% of global ODA), concentratedand not entirely sustainable. To redress these trends, and as a part of theprogramme of work of the DACNetwork on Environment and Development Co-operation, this report aims to guide development co-operation providers in enhancing their support for sustainable ocean economies. It takes a holistic, cross-sectoral view and highlights a range of issues where development co-operation might play a role,recognising that effective development efforts are demand-driven and partner country-owned.To prepare this guidance, the OECD held four plenary meetings (October 2023, December 2023, March2024 and September 2024) with representatives from development co-operation providers, developingcountries, multilateral development banks, international organisations, academia, the private sector andcivil society. It also held consultations at several international events, including the Ocean Innovation AfricaSummit, the World Bank and International Monetary Fund Spring Meetings, and the 4thInternationalConference on Financing for Sustainable Development. Together with a public survey