碳捕获和储存即服务

Foreword Through illustrative scenarios and a clear explorationof commercial, liability, policy and greenhousegas accounting considerations, this business briefoffers valuable insights to businesses, investors, andpolicymakers alike. It aims to inspire confidence,encourage innovation, and foster the partnershipsrequired to scale CCS deployment at pace. As the world accelerates toward net-zero ambitions, theneed for innovative, scalable, and economically viabledecarbonization solutions has never been more urgent.Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is a critical leverfor reducing emissions from industrial sectors wherealternatives are limited or technically unfeasible. Yetdespite its proven potential, widespread deployment ofCCS remains hindered by high capital costs, complexinfrastructure requirements, and uncertainties aroundliability, regulation and greenhouse gas accounting. We invite readers to explore the potential of CCS-as-a-service as part of a broader portfolio of climatesolutions—and to consider how collaborative, service-driven models can play a vital role in shaping a low-carbon industrial future. This business brief explores a transformativeapproach—CCS-as-a-service—which reimaginesCCS deployment through a service-based model. Byunbundling the value chain and enabling third-partycapture, transport, and storage services, this modellowers the barriers to entry for emitters and alignsincentives across a network of specialized providers. At its core, CCS-as-a-service is not just a businessmodel—it’s an enabler of climate ambition, industrycollaboration, and economic resilience. It allowscompanies to focus on their core operations whileleveraging external expertise and infrastructure tomeet regulatory and stakeholder expectations aroundemissions reductions. Stephen Buskie Senior Manager, Carbon Capture,Storage and Carbon Dioxide Removals,WBCSD Silvian BaltacPartner, CCUS and IndustrialDecarbonisation Lead, ERM Tableof contents Introduction0401. Current CCS policyand regulatory frameworks1504. Call to action2406. Glossary2507. Illustrative CCS-as-a-serviceimplementation scenarios1705. What is CCS-as-a-serviceand why is it needed0502. Transport- and-storage-as-a-serviceapplicability09 Connecting the Carbon Capture and Storage Value Chain through Innovative Service AgreementsService AgreementsOverview1003. Liability transfer12 Introduction01. This business brief introduces carbon capture and storage(CCS)-as-a-service and potential service agreements.It gives an overview of the components of a potentialservice agreement and the policy and regulatoryframeworks that may impact the uptake of CCS-as-a-service in terms of commercial arrangement, liabilitytransfer and greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting. Illustrativescenarios demonstrate how companies could deploy CCS-as-a-service under different project conditions. Specific objectives →Outline how service agreements can help overcomechallenges associated with CCS deployment acrossthe full value chain. →Summarize a range of potential CCS-as-a-serviceagreements. →Explore how some of the key policy incentives mayimpact the success of CCS-as-a-service agreements. Context →Demonstrate opportunities for industrial emitters toaccess CCS infrastructure through CCS-as-a-serviceusing illustrative scenarios. Many companies in hard-to-abate sectors are strugglingto make the business case for CCS due to high costs,uncertain exposure to liabilities, uncertain policy directionsand uncertainty over how to access transportation andstorage resources. →Highlight future work required to further developthese innovative service agreements to accelerateCCS deployment. Innovative as-a-service business models are emergingthat will help companies address many of these concerns.However, considerations related to liabilities, interactionwith carbon markets, alignment to government-ledbusiness models, grants and subsidies must be madewhen engaging with these services. Limitation of this business brief Research from publicly available literature into existingcomponents of service agreements widely used insectors analogous to CCS has informed this report.No contracts for existing CCS-as-a-service agreementshave been reviewed to feed this brief due to theirconfidentiality. Objective of this business brief Connecting the Carbon Capture and Storage Value Chain through Innovative Service AgreementsThis business brief introduces CCS-a-as-service forbusinesses exploring CCS as a decarbonization option fortheir operations. It collates ideas and provides an overviewof how major components of future CCS-as-a-serviceagreements may operate. Potential service agreements presented in the illustrativescenarios are not based on real projects but showillustrative examples designed to represent a range ofinstances where CCS-as-a-service may be appropriate.Developing real-world CCS-as-a-service agreementswill require further detailed work. This brief providesinspiration and recomm