虚拟电厂规模化发展的洞察：成功部署的实际经验

Real-World Findings for Successful Deployment Angela Long (Rockcress Consulting) Ryan Long (Rockcress Consulting) Natalie Mims Frick (Berkeley Lab) Table of Contents Executive Summary1 Support Industry-Wide Collaboration29Establish MeasurablePerformance to Achieve Goals30Develop a VPP Procurement Process32Enable Robust VPP Valuation33Design Customer-Centric Programs35Use Pilots to Learn Quickly37 Introduction5 The Role of Leadership inSuccessful VPP Designs Identify A Clear Vision And Goal7Establish Strong LeadershipSupporting VPPs9Create Dedicated VPP Staff10Clearly Define and Use VPP Terminology11 VPP Case Studies39 Grid and Technology Investments14 Eversource41Holy Cross Energy42National Grid43PacifiCorp44Portland General Electric45Puget Sound Energy46Sacramento Municipal Utility District47 Align Software Investmentin VPP with Grid Needs14 Establish DER Participation Guidelines19 Enable Enterprise-Wide VPPAdoption with Integrated Solutions23 Consider the Need for Visibility,Monitoring and Control24 Appendices48 Develop Communication Protocols25 Appendix A. Methods49Appendix B. Interview Guide52Appendix C. DERMS Glossary55Appendix D. Interview Findings Catalog56 Prepared By Angela Long,Rockcress Consulting (Rockcress) Ryan Long,Rockcress Consulting (Rockcress) Natalie Mims Frick,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) Prepared For United States Department of Energy (U.S. DOE),Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Acknowledgments We would like to thank Ted Light of Lighthouse Energy Consulting, Elizabeth Bye and Melissa Costelloof Strategy by eb, and John Hall of Jhallx Design for their significant contributions to this report. Disclaimer This document was prepared by Rockcress Consulting as an account of work sponsored by LawrenceBerkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) and funded by the United States Government. Whilethis document is believed to contain correct information, neither the United States Governmentnor any agency thereof, nor The Regents of the University of California, nor any of their employees,makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy,completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, orrepresents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specificcommercial product, process, or service by its trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise,does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by theUnited States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of California. Theviews and opinions of authors and interviewees expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflectthose of the United States Government or any agency thereof, The Regents of the University ofCalifornia or Rockcress Consulting. Contributors We would also like to thank all the interviewees that participated in this study,which are listed in alphabetical order by first name. FrancoAlbi,Portland General Electric PaulWassink,National Grid Adam Light,TRC GabbyOstrov,Eversource PeterKernan,Oregon PublicUtility Commission Amy Findlay,formerly of Eversource AndrewMcAllister,California Energy Commission GrahamTurk,MIT PeterPolonsky,formerly of the HawaiiPublic Utilities Commission ArushiSharmaFrank,formerly of Tesla JonFortune,Swell Energy RickHunter,Pivot Energy BillBurke,Virtual Peaker JoshKeeling,UtilityAPI RobertMargolis,U.S. DOE BobCaplan,Puget Sound Energy JuanPabloCarvallo,U.S. DOE SamHartnett,Uplight ChadLarson,Puget Sound Energy KarinaHershberg,PAE Engineering SarahDelisle,Swell Energy CharlieSeese,Puget Sound Energy KevinGowan,Puget Sound Energy SarahHall,Oregon PublicUtility Commission KimbrellLarouche,Holy Cross Energy CollinCraig,PAE Engineering DarrenMurtaugh,ICF LaurentSayer,Puget Sound Energy ShawnGrant,PacifiCorp DavidManning,Holy Cross Energy MarkHormann,Accurant International StacyMiller,U.S. DOE DenverHinds,SMUD NickSayan,Oregon PublicUtility Commission ToluOmotoso,NRECA EricBlank,Colorado PublicUtilities Commission TomasSmith,Puget Sound Energy PaulSpitsen,U.S. DOE Insights into ScalingVirtual Power Plants REAL-WORLD FINDINGS FOR SUCCESSFUL DEPLOYMENT Executive Summary Virtual Power Plants (VPPs) are a distributed, technology-neutral solution thateffectively address critical grid and customer needs, such as reducing peak demandand lowering energy bills.1They can offer clean, flexible, low-cost resources as gridneeds evolve—driven by increased adoption of distributed energy resources (DERs),building and vehicle electrification, policy goals and shifting consumer preferences.VPPs are poised for rapid growth, with the potential to expand by up to 160GW by 2030—tripling their current scale and reducing grid costs for consumers.2However, a variety of challenges are slowing the rate at which VPPs are adoptedand expanded. The R