国际工业统计年鉴-2023

International Yearbook ofIndustrial StatisticsEdition 2023UNIDO Statistics AcknowledgementsThe 2023 edition of the International Yearbook of Industrial Statistics was prepared by Fernando CantúBazaldúa and Martin Haitzmann, with significant contributions from Nina Goltsch, Kateryna Gumeniuk,Dong Guo, Rita Liang, Vladimir Lukić, Manveer Mangat, Jürgen Muth, Romana Ransmayr and Niki Rodousakis.The team worked under the supervision of Fernando Cantú Bazaldúa, Chief Statistician of the UnitedNations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO). Martin Haitzmann was central for the design,coordination and technical implementation of the Yearbook.The team members wish to express their sincere thanks to Cristiano Pasini, Director of the Divisionof Capacity Development, Statistics and Industrial Policy Advice, for his support and guidance in thepreparation of this publication, as well as other staff members of the Division for their valuable feedbackand suggestions.We also gratefully acknowledge the cooperation of national statistical offices, the United Nations StatisticsDivision, the United Nations Population Division, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Develop-ment (UNCTAD), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the StatisticalOffice of the European Union (Eurostat), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World IntellectualProperty Organization (WIPO), the World Bank and other international and regional agencies in providingrelevant information that has served as the basis of this publication.In addition, we sincerely thank the co-custodian organizations of Sustainable Development Goal 9,namely, the International Energy Agency (IEA), the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the WorldBank, for their valuable support and collaboration.Copyright©2023 United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)This publication and all underlying statistics are published in the UNIDO Statistics data portal. In accor-dance with UNIDO’s open data policy, which was introduced in 2022, users have free online access toall UNIDO’s statistical products. Please refer to the Terms and Conditions and Privacy pages in the dataportal for further information.This document has been produced without formal United Nations editing. The designations employed andthe presentation of the material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoeveron the part of the Secretariat of UNIDO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area orof its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or its economic system ordegree of development. Designations such as "industrial", "industrializing" or "developing" are intendedfor statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgment about the stage reached by aparticular country or area in the development process. Mention of firm names or commercial productsdoes not constitute an endorsement by UNIDO.All photos and icons©UN, UNIDO, Canva, FontAwesome unless otherwise stated.This document may be freely quoted or reprinted but acknowledgment is required.The production of this fully-reproducible report relied on open-source software, such as git, LaTeX, R andR Studio. UNIDO Statistics extends its gratitude to all contributors of these open source projects.The full report is available online at https://stat.unido.org.Original: ENGLISH.ISBN 978-92-13584-92-7 (PDF)ISSN 3005-2408 (Online) ContentsProgress by innovation with reliable industrial statistics1Introduction1.1Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.2What is industrial statistics? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.3Why is industry important? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Industrial statistics: Data and visualizations2Global industrial statistics2.1Recent trends in industrial sectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2.2SDG 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2.3Competitive industrial performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3Spotlight on manufacturing3.1Current trends and distribution of world manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . .3.2Structure and transformation of manufacturing industries. . . . . . . . . . . .3.3The manufacturing sector trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.4Manufacturing employment and labour productivity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.5Environmental impact of manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Mining and utilities in the spotlight4.1Current trends and distribution of world mining and utilities . . . . . . . . . . .4.2Structure and transformation of mining and utilities industries. . . . . . . . .4.3Environmental impact of mining and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5Keeping track of industrial innovation5.1The importance of innovation statistics . . . . . . . . . .