在立陶宛实现市政间共享服务：陶拉格+功能区拟议的法律和体制框架及试点方法

Enabling Inter-MunicipalShared Service Provisionin Lithuania PROPOSED LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKAND PILOTING APPROACH IN TAURAGĖ+ FUNCTIONALZONE Enabling Inter‑MunicipalShared Service Provisionin Lithuania PROPOSED LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONALFRAMEWORK AND PILOTING APPROACHIN TAURAGĖ+ FUNCTIONAL ZONE This document was produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The views expressed herein can inno way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Union. This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty overany territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. ISBN 978-92-64-79774-1 (print)ISBN 978-92-64-35896-6 (PDF)ISBN 978-92-64-81008-2 (HTML)ISBN 978-92-64-85031-6 (epub) OECD Multi-level Governance StudiesISSN 2414-6781 (print)ISSN 2414-679X (online) Photo credits:Cover © Gediminas Medziausis/iStockphoto.com. Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found at: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/support/corrigenda.html.© OECD 2024 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. By using this work, you accept to be bound by the terms of this licence(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Attribution– you must cite the work.Translations– you must cite the original work, identify changes to the original and add the following text:In the event of any discrepancy between the original work and thetranslation, only the text of original work should be considered valid.Adaptations– you must cite the original work and add the following text:This is an adaptation of an original work by the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed inthis adaptation should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its Member countries.Third-party material– the licence does not apply to third-party material in the work. If using such material, you are responsible for obtaining permission from the third party and forany claims of infringement.You must not use the OECD logo, visual identity or cover image without express permission or suggest the OECD endorses your use of the work.Any dispute arising under this licence shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) Arbitration Rules 2012. The seat of arbitration shallbe Paris (France). The number of arbitrators shall be one. Foreword Lithuania is experiencingrapid demographic change, with the population ageing and significantly shrinkingin recent decades, and expected to continue in the coming years. This has put pressure on the provisionof public services, especially at the municipal level. This report provides insights on those pressures and recommendations that can address them, whilst alsomitigating territorial disparities, fostering social inclusion and enhancing the accessibility, affordability andquality of essential public services. Lithuania requested support to on-going structural reformsfrom the European Commission (DG Reform)under Regulation (EU) 2021/240 establishing a Technical Support Instrument. The request was assessedby the European Commission in accordance with the criteria and principles referred to in Article 9 of theTSI Regulation. Following the assessment, the European Commission decided to fund the request andprovide technical support to Lithuania. The European Commission has awarded grant to the Organisationfor Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to provide assistance based on the request fromLithuania. Theaction contributes to ongoing efforts by Lithuania on its nationally applicable legal, fiscal andinstitutional framework to enable shared service provision acrossseveral municipalities andincludesfindings froma pilotof thisframeworkconductedin theTAURAGĖ+ functional zone in Lithuaniain 2018-2023. The report also draws lessons frompeer country experiences,and in particularFinland, as requested byLithuanian authorities, where inter-municipal cooperation has been used successfully for decades. This report takes stock of the challenges inherent to the legal, fiscal and institutional frameworks for sharedservice provision in Lithuania, such as the gaps andweaknesses of national laws and regulations tofacilitate collaboration at the municipal level, the lack of specific guidance to engage in inter-municipalexperiments, sectoral fragmentation and the low financial autonomy of municipalities, which reducesincentives to identify cost-saving measures. Along with the recommendations, the report also provides two roadmaps for piloting primary healthcareand LTC services in Tauragė+ functional zone (Jurbarkas, Pagėgiai, Šilalė, Tauragė municipalities), asrequested by the Lithuanian authorities. The report was approved on 26 August 2024 by written approval procedure under the reference[CFE/RDPC(2024)5]. Acknowled