我们对年轻人对健康事业的兴趣了解多少？

This work is published under the responsibility of theSecretary-General of the OECD. The opinionsexpressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Membercountries of the OECD. This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to thestatus of orsovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the nameof any territory, city or area. The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeliauthorities.The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalemand Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law. Note by the Republic of Türkiye: The information in this document with reference to “Cyprus” relates to thesouthernpart of the Island. There is no single authority representing both Turkish and Greek Cypriot peopleon the Island. Türkiye recognises the Turkish Republic of NorthernCyprus(TRNC). Until a lastingandequitable solution is found within the context of the United Nations, Türkiye shall preserve its positionconcerning the “Cyprusissue”. Note by all the European Union Member States of the OECD and the European Union: The Republic ofCyprusis recognised by all members of the United Nations with the exception of Türkiye. The informationin this document relates to the area under the effective control ofthe governmentof the Republic ofCyprus. Kosovo*: This designation is without prejudice to positionson status, and is in line with United NationsSecurity Council Resolution1244/99 and the Advisory Opinion of the International Court of Justice onKosovo’s declaration of independence. Image credit: © avh_vectors/shutterstock.com/ Attribution–you must cite the work. Translations–you must cite the original work, identify changes to the original and add the following text:In the event of any discrepancy between theoriginal work and the translation, only the text of original work should be considered valid. Adaptations–you must cite the original work and add the following text:This is an adaptation of an original work by the OECD. The opinions expressedand arguments employed in this adaptation should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its Member countries. Third-party material–the licence does not apply to third-party material in the work. If using such material, you are responsible for obtaining permissionfrom the third party and for any claims of infringement. Acknowledgements The preparation of this report was led by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD) with the support from the World HealthOrganization(WHO). The report was supported throughthe joint Working for Health Multi-Partner Trust Fund. The Working for Health (W4H) programme is a jointinitiative between the OECD, WHO and International LabourOrganization(ILO) to support countries andregions in optimising their investments in health workforce education and employment with the aim ofstrengthening health workforce capacity by2030(WHO, 2024[1]). As a component of the W4H, theInteragency Data Exchange (IADEx) specifically focuses on supporting the development of data-drivenpolicies by improving measurement, tracking, and monitoring of health workforce education and supplycapacity, thereby enabling more effective policyresponses to workforce challenges. The main authors of the report are Ekin Dagistan and Gaetan Lafortune from the OECD Health Division,with useful input from Mathieu Boniol, Khassoum Diallo, Lennah Etyang, Stephanie Rose Flores, TeenaKunjumen and TapasSadasivan Nair from the WHO Health Workforce Department. Table ofcontents Acknowledgements3 Executive summary6 1 Introduction7 2 Methodology and data sources8 2.1 PISA survey data on the career aspirations of secondary school students82.2 Data on applications and admissions in nursing education programmes from nationaladministrative (programme) data sources9 3 Review of PISA data on career aspirations of 15-year-old students11 3.1 Students’ aspirations in working in the health sector113.2 Students’aspirations in working as doctors133.3 Students’ aspirations in working as nurses153.4.Gender differences in interest in working as doctors and nurses17 4 Review of programme data on student applications and admissions in nursingeducation21 4.1.Results of online search of data for a subgroup of OECDcountries214.2.Gender differences in admissions to nursing schools274.3.Results of data reported through the NHWA for OECD and non-OECDcountries29 5 Conclusion Annex A. Data on medical and nursing graduates in OECD and non-OECDcountriesfrom the OECD and WHO annual data collections35 Annex B. Number of students who answered the question on career aspirations inPISA 2022 in the 80 participating countries and economies41 Annex C. National data sources and coverage on applications and admi