危机时期保加利亚平等接受学校教育项目：最终评估

Final evaluation Bulgaria’s “Equal Access to SchoolEducation in Times of Crisis” Project Final evaluation This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Membercountries of the OECD. This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereigntyover any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, cityor area. The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use ofsuch data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlementsin the West Bank under the terms of international law. This document was produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The views expressed herein can inno way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Union. Please cite this publication as:OECD (2025),Bulgaria’s “Equal Access to School Education in Times of Crisis” Project: Final Evaluation, OECD Publishing,Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/4ba2d868-en. Photo credits: Cover © alphaspirit.it / Shutterstock Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found at: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/support/corrigenda.html.© OECD 2025 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. By using this work, you accept to be bound by theterms of this licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Attribution– you must cite the work. Translations– you must cite the original work, identify changes to the original and add the following text: In the event of any discrepancy betweenthe original work and the translation, only the text of original work should be considered valid. Adaptations– you must cite the original work and add the following text: This is an adaptation of an original work by the OECD. The opinionsexpressed and arguments employed in this adaptation should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its Membercountries. Third-party material– the licence does not apply to third-party material in the work. If using such material, you are responsible for obtainingpermission from the third party and for any claims of infringement. You must not use the OECD logo, visual identity or cover image without express permission or suggest the OECD endorses your use of the work. Any dispute arising under this licence shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) ArbitrationRules 2012. The seat of arbitration shall be Paris (France). The number of arbitrators shall be one. Foreword This report is an output under the OECD’s agreement to support the Evaluation Plan of Bulgaria’sProgramme“Education” 2021-2027. Cassie Hague was the lead author and evaluator. Zhasmin Avetisyan contributed as a co-author,providingresearch support, and co-designing, managing, and analysing the survey. Administrative support wasprovided by Pirkko Kokkosaloand Jane Birchall. Rachel Linden co-ordinated the report’s production. The report was preparedwith oversight from Elizabeth Fordham, Deputy Head, and Paulo Santiago, Headof the Policy Advice and Implementation (PAI) Division within the Directorate for Education and Skills atthe OECD, under the leadership of Andreas Schleicher. The authors are grateful for the oversight providedby the OECD’s Education Policy Committee (EDPC). The authors would like to thank the following OECD colleagues for helpful exchanges and insight:NoraBohossian(SDD), Margarita Kalamova (EDU),Francois Keslair(EDU), Marco Kools (EDU) and QuentinVital (EDU). External evaluation expert, Professor Manuel Souto-Otero from the University of Bristol, is gratefullyacknowledged. His specialised review, feedback and comments significantly enhanced the depth andrigour of this evaluation. The authors wish to thank the Executive Agency “Programme Education” for initiating the evaluation, co-organising the fact-finding mission to Bulgaria, facilitating access to key data and stakeholders, andsupporting the evaluation process throughout. Their collaboration and commitment to transparency havebeen instrumental in enabling a thorough and meaningful assessment. Those who managed the “Equal Access to School Education in Times of Crisis” project in Bulgaria’sMinistry of Education andScience are acknowledged for their participation and openness to learning andengagement throughout the evaluation. Ministry of Education and Science staff who administered thesurvey to schools are also gratefully acknowledged. The project was funded by the European Union. The European Commission staff who provided commentson evaluation questions and the draft report are gratefully acknowledged. The authors