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Towards a RenewableHydrogen Strategyfor Mongolia This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed andarguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Member countries of the OECD. This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty overany territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use ofsuch data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements inthe West Bank under the terms of international law. Note by the Republic of Türkiye The information in this document with reference to “Cyprus” relates to the southern part of the Island. There is no singleauthority representing both Turkish and Greek Cypriot people on the Island. Türkiye recognises the Turkish Republic ofNorthern Cyprus (TRNC). Until a lasting and equitable solution is found within the context of the United Nations, Türkiyeshall preserve its position concerning the “Cyprus issue”. Note by all the European Union Member States of the OECD and the European UnionThe Republic of Cyprus is recognised by all members of the United Nations with the exception of Türkiye. Theinformation in this document relates to the area under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus. Photo credits:Cover © witsarut sakorn/Shutterstock.com. Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found at: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/support/corrigenda.html.© OECD 2025 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. By using this work, you accept to be bound by the terms of this licence(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Attribution– you must cite the work.Translations– you must cite the original work, identify changes to the original and add the following text:In the event of any discrepancy between the original work and thetranslation, only the text of original work should be considered valid.Adaptations– you must cite the original work and add the following text:This is an adaptation of an original work by the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed inthis adaptation should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its Member countries.Third-party material– the licence does not apply to third-party material in the work. If using such material, you are responsible for obtaining permission from the third party and forany claims of infringement.You must not use the OECD logo, visual identity or cover image without express permission or suggest the OECD endorses your use of the work.Any dispute arising under this licence shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) Arbitration Rules 2012. The seat of arbitration shallbe Paris (France). The number of arbitrators shall be one. Foreword This report follows from a request from the Ministry of Economy and Development ofMongolia to the OECDSustainable Infrastructure Programme in Asia (SIPA) for support in the elaboration of a national strategyfor the development of a renewable hydrogen industry.SIPA is financed by the German Federal Ministryfor the Environment, Nature Conservation, Nuclear Safety and Consumer Protection and the InternationalClimate Initiative and is implemented by a consortium of partners led by the OECD. This report was scoped at a public-private roundtable that was held in Ulaanbaatar in March 2023 and co-organised between the OECD Sustainable Infrastructure Programme in Asia (SIPA) and the MongolianHydrogen Council, the Ministry of Energy, and the Ministry of Economy and Development. The preliminaryfindings were discussed with the Ministry of Economy and Development and Ministry of Energy during amission to Ulaanbaatar in October 2023, which was followed with a public-private workshop in April 2024at which the overall assessment and recommendations of the report were presented and validated. Thepresent report has been revised following the April 2024 workshop to reflect recent policy and projectdevelopments, as well as the opinions and observations of local stakeholders. The findings of the report are relevant to policymakers and firms in Mongolia that wish to develop and takeadvantage of new opportunities in the context of renewable hydrogen and its value chains. At the sametime, the report and its recommendations arealso relevant for all stakeholders interested in the low-carbontransitionof the Mongolian economy.As discussed throughout this report,this is because theestablishment of the general framework conditions necessary for a less carbon-intensive and moreenvironmentally sustainable developmen