为什么金融机构应该依赖自然资本

Financing ourNatural Capital A practical guide for FIs getting startedon nature financing Prepared by the Singapore Sustainable Finance Associationin partnership with Oliver Wyman Acknowledgements This report was developed by the Natural Capital and Biodiversity (NCB)workstream of the Singapore Sustainable Finance Association (SSFA), with inputsfrom workstream members, and reviewed by the Workstream Co-leads and theSSFA Executive Committee (EXCO). This workstream is co-led by Eric Lim, Chief Sustainability Officer, United OverseasBank (UOB), Valerie Lau, Lead APAC Sustainability and Impact, UBS, and EricNietsch, Head of Sustainable Investing, Asia, Manulife Investment Management,with Oliver Wyman as the knowledge partner. The workstream is coordinatedby the SSFA Secretariat and supported by the Monetary Authority of Singapore(MAS). This document does not necessarily represent the views of the Workstream Co-leads, any individual member of the workstream, or the SSFA EXCO. Members of the workstreaminclude representatives from: Members of the workstreaminclude representatives from: General disclaimer The information and opinions expressed in this report are presented forinformational purposes only and should not be considered as professional,financial, legal, or investment advice. Readers should exercise their ownindependent judgement and seek independent advice before making any decisionsbased on the content set out in this report. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy and reliability of theinformation presented, no representation or warranty, express or implied, is maderegarding its completeness, accuracy, or suitability for any particular purpose. Theauthors, contributors and the SSFA do not accept any responsibility or liability forany errors, omissions, or any consequences arising from reliance on this report. This report may contain forward-looking statements based on availableinformation and assumptions at the time of publication. These statements aresubject to change without notice, and actual outcomes may differ. The authors,contributors and the SSFA disclaim any obligation to update or revise anystatements in light of new information or future developments. Nothing in this report constitutes an offer, solicitation, or recommendation to buyor sell any financial instruments, securities, or investment products. Readers aresolely responsible for assessing the relevance and accuracy of the informationprovided. Table of contents Executive summary Chapter 1: Natural capital – Getting startedIntroduction to natural capitalState of natural capital in Southeast AsiaThe link between nature and climate Chapter 2: How should financial institutions get started?The framework for policy and private sector responseGetting started on nature for financial institutions Chapter 3: The nature materiality and risk assessmentDefining materiality assessmentHow dependencies and impacts create risks Chapter 4: A materiality and risk assessment for Southeast AsiaSector heatmap – Analysing impacts and dependencies of sectors in Southeast AsiaGeography overlay – Integrating local ecosystem integrity into sector insightsValue chain overlay – Accounting for upstream and downstream nature materiality Chapter 5: Opportunities for nature financing Overview of nature financing opportunitiesTransition to a circular economySustainable use and protection of water and marine resourcesWaste and pollution preventionProtection and restoration of ecosystemsSustainable supply chains Chapter 6: Challenges and the way forward Addendum: What can financial institutions act on now? Step 1. Governance and organisation for natureStep 2. Nature materiality assessmentStep 3. Nature risks and opportunities assessmentStep 4. Business development and engagementStep 5. Credit and investment process enhancementStep 6. Nature scenario analysisStep 7. Nature target settingStep 8. Data, tools and reporting Table of contents (cont.) Appendix Appendix 1: Key nature conceptsAppendix 2: Statistics on nature dependencies and impacts for select sectorsAppendix 3: Biodiversity Intactness Index (BII)Appendix 4: Additional examples for nature risk assessmentAppendix 5: Additional case studies of opportunities and financial productsAppendix 6: Additional case studies of financial institutions’ nature strategyAppendix 7: Glossary of terminologiesAppendix 8: Acronyms68697072777984 References The risk posed to nature comes also withopportunities for financial institutions to financenature-positive technologies. This investmentopportunity is not well recognised, partly becausedefinitions of what is nature-positive may be tootheoretical or focused only on niche, non-viableinvestments. We propose taking a broad view ofnature-positive activity that encompasses a widerrange of opportunities – such as green buildingdevelopment, regenerative agriculture, waterefficiency improvements, pollution reduction andwaste management – and is mo