英德氢贸易联合研究

UK-Germany JointFeasibilityStudyontheTradeofHydrogen Produced on behalf of theBundesministerium für Wirtschaft und KlimaschutzandtheUK Department for Energy Security and Net Zero StudyReport|F01 Authoredby ArupMarieMuenchandRebeccaRohe(Adelphi)Sven Morgen,KimMalinLakeit,OliverMelchesandHrvoje Brlecic Layer(dena) Acknowledgements Theauthorswouldalsoliketothankallorganisationsandcompaniesthatparticipatedininterviews and provided theirfeedback. Cover image:©getty imagesPublished by:Arup,8FitzroyStreet,London,W1T4BJDate:23rd April 2025Editorial responsibility:ArupLayoutanddesign:Arup This report was developed under the framework of the UKGermany Hydrogen Partnership betweentheDepartmentofEnergySecurityandNetZero(DESNZ)andtheFederalMinistryfortheEconomyandClimateAction(BMWK)andimplementedbyAdelphi.Thereportwasajointindependentprojectby Arup,denaand Adelphi, funded by BMWK and DESNZ. Contents 3.DeliveryEnablers55 3.1Thehydrogenvaluechain563.2Deliveringtheenablers593.3UK-GermanyHydrogenPartnership603.4Enabler1:Developtherequirementstohavetheabilitytotechnicallytradethehydrogenmolecule623.5Enabler 2: Enable commercial trade of the hydrogen molecule between the two markets withno/minimalfrictionbetweenmarkets643.6Enabler3:Developaninterconnectorbusinessmodel743.7Enabler4:Developtheregulatoryframeworkfortheinterconnector803.8Enabler5:Alignthedeliveryofthewiderhydrogenvaluechain86 ExecutiveSummary As the hydrogen markets develop in the UK and Germany,there is an opportunity to realise pipeline-based hydrogentrade between the two countries. This could either bethrough a pipeline directly between British and Germanlandfall, connected into an offshore hydrogen network orviaconnectionstotheNetherlandsorBelgium.Tofacilitatethe international market, several activities require action,particularlythosesupportingthedevelopmentofrespectivedomestic markets in the UK and Germany. These activities include the development of onshore networks, thealignmentoftechnicalrequirementsforthetradingofthehydrogenmolecule, andsupporting the convening of the market to secureagreements between producers and offtakers. Tothisend,thisstudyrecommendsaseriesofdeliveryenablers, as set out below, with a preliminary focus inthe following areas: –Developing a delivery plan for theminimumregulatoryalignmentneededto enable an interconnector.1 –Determining the best mechanism tosupporttheconveningofthemarket.2 –Performing a high-level techno-economicdeliverabilityassessmentofroutingoptions.3 –Carryingoutstakeholderengagementacross the hydrogen value chain.4 The analysis of business models, regulations,andtheassessmentofcommercialarrangementsconsideredthewholehydrogenvaluechain,whilstthe high-level infrastructure assessment focusedsolely onassets related to the interconnector, asdefined for this study in Figure 1. Studyscope This study, conducted under the ‘UK-GermanyHydrogenPartnership’,outlinesthestepsrequiredto enable potential pipeline-based hydrogen tradebetween the UK and Germany in the future. The study aims to support the development ofboth countries' hydrogen economies, aidingtheirnetzeroambitions,fosteringcollaboration,supporting hydrogen trade and transportinfrastructure development, and promoting aninternational hydrogen market. Theinfrastructureassessmenthasconsideredfour route options: –Connection to Germany offshore (BaseCase):a subsea pipeline from a UK east coastlandfalltoanoffshoretie-inpointontheAquaDuctusoffshorepipelinesystem. The specific outputs included: determiningthe high-level infrastructure requirements;identifyingtheregulatory,businessmodelandcommercialrequirementstoenableamarkettotradehydrogenbetweentheUKandGermany;developing a roadmap outlining the next stepsto realise hydrogen trade including associateddelivery enabler decisions; and providing a list ofproposedactionsfortherespectiveGovernments. –ConnectiontoGermanyonshore:adirectsubsea pipeline from a UK east coastlandfall to a German coast landfall. –Connection to the Netherlands onshore:adirectsubseapipelinefromaUKeastcoastlandfall to a Netherlands coast landfall. –ConnectiontoBelgiumonshore:adirectsubsea pipeline from a UK east coastlandfall to a Belgian coast landfall. In this context, the scope of the study has lookedat six workstreams; industry engagement,infrastructure assessment, business modelsanalysis, regulatory analysis, commercialarrangementsassessment,roadmapdevelopmentand focus areas. ExecutiveSummary:Introduction OpportunityLandscape Thiscreatessignificantopportunitiesfor industry, with over 250 projectscurrently under development in theUK, presenting a potential pipelinewith a production capacity of 25.1GW by 2030. While current rulesrestrict funding eligibility to projectsfor non-domestic offtakers, thispotential project pipeline offers theUK an opportunity to emerge as ahydrogen exporter to internationalmarkets. The UK has setinterimtargetsofa The UK and Germany have setambitious decarbonisationgoals,aiming for net zero