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(Mark One)☒ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934For the fiscal year endedDecember 31, 2024or☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934For the transition period fromto. NELNET, INC.(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (402)458-2370 SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT: SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT:None Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.Yes☒No☐Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes☐No☒Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 duringthe preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirementsfor the past 90 days.Yes☒No☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 ofRegulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).Yes☒No☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or anemerging growth company.See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company"in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.Large accelerated filer☒Accelerated filer☐ Non-accelerated filer☐Smaller reporting company☐Emerging growth company☐ If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new orrevised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.☐Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issuedits audit report.☒ If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filingreflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.☒ Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received byany of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b).☒ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes☐No☒ The aggregate market value of the registrant’s voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant on June28, 2024 (the last business day of theregistrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter), based upon the closing sale price of the registrant’s Class A Common Stock on that date of $100.86per share, was $1,643,141,426. The registrant’s Class B Common Stock is not listed for public trading on any exchange or market system, but shares of ClassB Common Stock are convertible into shares of Class A Common Stock at any time on a share-for-share basis. For purposes of this calculation, shares ofcommon stock beneficially owned by any director or executive officer of the registrant or by any person who beneficially owns greater than 10% of the ClassA Common Stock or who is otherwise believed by the registrant to be in a control position have been excluded, since such persons may be deemed to beaffiliates of the registrant. This determination of affiliate status is not conclusive for other purposes.As of January31, 2025, there were25,634,449and10,658,604shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding, respectively (excluding 11,305,731 shares of Class A Common Stock held by wholly owned subsidiaries).DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement to be filed for its 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, scheduled to be held May15, 2025, areincorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K. Auditor Name:KPMG LLPAuditor Location:Lincoln, NebraskaAuditor Firm ID:185 NELNET, INC.FORM 10-KTABLE OF CONTENTSDecember31, 2024 Forward-Looking and Cautionary Statements PART I Item 1.Item 1A.Item 1B.Item 1C.Item 2.Item 3.Item 4. BusinessRisk FactorsUnresolved Staff CommentsCybersecurityPropertiesLegal ProceedingsMine Safety Disclosures PART II