2024 IPv6技术白皮书

目录 2.1充足的地址空间···································································································································· 12.2层次化的地址结构································································································································ 12.3简化报文头··········································································································································· 22.4灵活的扩展头········································································································································ 22.4.1 IPv6扩展头类型························································································································· 22.4.2 IPv6扩展头的报文格式·············································································································· 32.5强大的邻居发现协议····························································································································· 42.6内置安全性··········································································································································· 4 3.1 IPv6全球单播地址配置方式················································································································· 53.1.2无状态地址自动配置·················································································································· 53.1.3有状态地址自动配置（DHCPv6）····························································································· 83.2 IPv6 DNS ··········································································································································· 123.2.1 IPv6 DNS简介························································································································· 123.2.2天窗问题避免··························································································································· 123.3 IPv6路由············································································································································ 143.3.1 RIPng······································································································································· 143.3.2 OSPFv3 ··································································································································· 163.3.3 IPv6 IS-IS ································································································································ 203.3.4 IPv6 BGP（即BGP4+）········································································································· 213.3.5 IPv4和IPv6路由协议异同点总结··························································································· 223.4双栈策略路由······································································································································ 223.5 IPv6组播············································································································································ 223.5.1 IPv6组播简介·························································································································· 223.5.2 IPv6组播地址·························································································································· 233.5.3 IPv6组播MAC地址················································································································ 263.5.4 IPv6组播协议·························································································································· 273.6网络安全············································································································································· 283.6.1一次认证双栈放行···················································································································· 283.6.2 SAVI&SAVA&SMA ·················································································································· 30 3.6.3微分段······································································································································ 363.7 VXLAN/EVPN VXLAN支持IPv6········································································································ 39 ii4过渡技术················································································································································414.1双栈技术············································································································································· 414.2隧道技术············································································································································· 414.3 AFT····················································································································································· 424.3.1 AFT简介·························