Energy! How can we ensure sustainable energy for all?

How can we ensure sustainable energy for all? © 2023 Smithsonian InstitutionAll rights reserved. First Edition 2023. Copyright NoticeNo part of this module, or derivative works of this module, may be used or reproduced for any purpose except fair use without permission in writing from the Smithsonian Science Education Center. Image CreditFront Cover Photo - GetYourPic/iStock/Getty Images Plus Energy!How can we ensure sustainable energy for all?Community Research Guide Smithsonian Science for Global Goals Development Team Lead Guide Developer/WriterLogan Schmidt Executive DirectorDr. Carol O’Donnell Division DirectorDr. Brian Mandell Global Goals SeriesDevelopersHeidi GibsonAndre RadloffLogan SchmidtKhadijah Thibodeau Project ManagerHannah Osborn Digital Media TeamSofia ElianJoao Victor Lucena Marketing &CommunicationsTeamCarolina GonzalezLogan Werlinger Publishing AssistantRaymond Williams, III Smithsonian Science Education Center Staff Executive OfficeKate EchevarriaJohnny McInerney Professional Services(cont.)Shellie PickAriel WaldmanSherrell Williams Professional ServicesDr. Amy D’Amico, Division DirectorAddy AllredKatherine BlanchardKatherine FancherKatie GainsbackAlex GraceJacqueline KolbDr. Hyunju LeeAlexa Mogck Advancement &PartnershipsHolly Glover, DivisionDirectorDenise AndersonInola Walston Smithsonian Sciencefor the ClassroomDevelopersDr. Sarah J. GlassmanEmily J. HarrisonMelissa J. B. RogersMary E. Short Finance & AdministrationLisa Rogers, Division DirectorAllison Gamble Senior Project Advisors Peter McGrath, PhDCoordinatorInterAcademy PartnershipWashington, DC, USA John BorightExecutive Director, International Affairs NationalAcademy of SciencesWashington, DC, USA Research Mentors Karuna BajracharyaCountry Manager - NepalClean Cooking AllianceKathmandu, Nepal Dr. Arielle MillerPhD Coach, Educator, Consultant, ProfessionalNuclear EngineerDr Arielle Miller Coaching & Consulting LLCWashington D.C., USA Lincoln BleveansExecutive Director - Sustainability Utilities &Infrastructure, Stanford UniversityStanford, California, USA Dr. Kiron C. NealeSolutions EngineerInenco GroupLytham St. Anne’s, England, U.K. Felipe Ramírez BuitragoUrban Mobility Director, WRI Ross Center forSustainable CitiesWorld Resources InstituteWashington D.C., USA Project Advisors Robert BlakeFounder & CEOSolar BearMinneapolis, Minnesota, USA Laurie RosatoneNew York, New York, USA Mauricio RodriguezDesign Manager, Mechanical EngineerOffice of Planning design and Construction (OPDC)Smithsonian InstitutionWashington D.C., USA HayesRobinsonSmithsonian FacilitiesSmithsonian InstitutionWashington D.C., USA Harold Wallace, PhDCurator of the Electricity Collections,Division of Work and IndustryNational Museum of American History,Smithsonian InstitutionWashington D.C., USA Joe HickenHead of PolicySublime SystemsSomerville, Massachusetts, USA Pawan MulukutlaDirector - Integrated Transport, Electric Mobility &HydrogenWRI IndiaMumbai, India Technical Reviewers Vishwa Bhushan AmatyaSr. Energy Access, Sustainability and OrganizationDevelopment ExpertAED Consulting Pvt. Ltd.Kathmandu, Nepal Dr. Lim Boon-HanCEng, PEng, Associate ProfessorDepartment of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringLee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Sungai Long CampusSelangor, Malaysia Xixi ChenManager, Clean EnergyWorld Resources InstituteWashington D.C., USA Neda MizaniPiping EngineerAffiliated Engineers, Inc.Seattle, Washington, USA Beja FerrieriMechanical EngineerAffiliated Engineers, Inc.Seattle, Washington, USA Frank Núñez-RamírezDirector of Engineering / ResearcherEmpresa de Generación Eléctrica PuntaCatalina (EGEPC) / Universidad FedericoHenriquez y Carvajal (UFHEC)Santo Domingo, D.N., Dominican Republic Michelle FouardMechanical EngineerAffiliated Engineers, Inc.Seattle, Washington, USA Lynndy HedgcothMechanical EngineerAffiliated Engineers, Inc.Seattle, Washington, USA Smithsonian Science Education Center The Smithsonian Science Education Center (SSEC) is operated by the Smithsonian Institution to improvethe teaching and learning of science for students in the United States and throughout the world. The SSECdisseminates information about exemplary teaching resources, develops curriculum materials, supports theprofessional growth of science teachers and school leaders, and conducts outreach programs of leadershipdevelopment and technical assistance to help school districts implement inquiry-centered science programs.Its mission is to transform the teaching and learning of science in a world of unprecedented scientific andtechnological change. Smithsonian Institution The Smithsonian Institution was created by an Act of Congress in 1846 “for the increase and diffusion ofknowledge . . .” This independent federal establishment is the world’s largest museum, education, andresearch complex and is responsible for public and scholarly activities, exhibitions, and research pr