全球6G技术大会：2024年ICDT融合的6G网络4.0白皮书

摘要 信息技术的发展伴随着新技术的不断涌现和相互融合。随着信息与通信技术（ICT）向6G演进，ICT进一步与大数据和人工智能技术融合，呈现出ICDT（Information，Communication，BigDataTechnology）融合的特征。ICDT融合的6G系统将成为一个端到端的信息处理与服务系统，是通信网络、感知网络和算力网络融合的移动信息网络。大量新技术已成为6G设计的候选技术，并在理论、仿真和原型等不同层面得到了验证。 本白皮书通过ICDT融合新趋势、ICDT融合的无线空口技术和ICDT融合的网络这三个方面，对6G潜在技术与方案进行了归纳与总结，并从基本概念，技术原理，关键技术与挑战，三方面对各个潜在技术进行了分析，并给出了相应的技术建议。其中，ICDT融合新趋势涵盖了通算融合技术、语义通信技术和AI大模型技术。通算融合技术基于通信与计算的资源融合共生、功能融合共生、服务融合共生等核心技术能力，实现了无线接入网算力化演进和通算智一体服务升级，推动了资源和要素的高效聚集、流动和共享。语义通信技术关注传输符合的含义和重要性，有望突破通信系统性能受香农理论限制的问题。AI大模型作为当前最受关注的科学方向之一，在通信网络中持续提升智能自治网络能力。 ICDT融合的无线空口技术包含了通感一体、空口AI、多址接入、编码调制、超大规模天线（MIMO）和近场技术。这些方向也是对5G增强的关键方向。新型空口技术对于构建强连接、强算力、强智能、强安全的6G网络至关重要。当前，这些技术已经完成了技术方案与原型方案设计，并正在进行测试工作。在ICDT融合的网络架构方面，服务化网络、内生AI、数字孪生网络、多维度组网和用户为中心网络成为研究重点。新型网络架构有助于推动ICDT深度融合的6G网络向通感算智深度融合、空天地一体全域覆盖的新一代移动信息网络迈进。 ICDT融合的6G技术研究正逐步从单点技术研究走向体系化构建和业界共识。本文倡议加强信息通信领域的跨界融合技术研究与协同，以需求为牵引，加快基础理论、瓶颈技术问题的联合攻关和协同创新。同时，注重跨界融合技术创新向应用与服务的转化，培育应用层的产业生态，孵化新业务、新应用。最后，进一步加强国际合作，各国携手，共同夯实6G基础，推动其全球化发展。 ExecutiveSummary Thedevelopmentofinformationtechnologyisaccompaniedbythecontinuousemergenceandintegrationofnewtechnologies.Asinformationandcommunicationtechnology(ICT)evolvestowards6G,itfurtherintegrateswithbigdataandartificialintelligencetechnologies,presentingthecharacteristicsofICDT(Information,Communication,BigDataTechnology)integration.TheICDTintegrated6Gsystemwillbecomeanend-to-endinformationprocessingandservicesystem,representinganintelligentnetworkthatcombinescommunicationnetworks,sensingnetworks,andcomputingnetworks.Numerousnewtechnologies andfunctionalities have become candidatesolutionsfor 6G design,validated at various levels,including theoretical,simulation,andprototypestages. Thiswhitepaperclassifiesandanalyzespotential6Gtechnologiesandsolutionsthroughthreeaspects:the new trends in ICDT integration,wireless air interface technologies in ICDTintegration,andnetworkaspectsofICDTintegration.Itproposescorrespondingtechnicalsystemsuggestions.ThenewtrendsinICDTintegrationencompasscommunicationandcomputationtechnology,semanticcommunicationtechnology,andAIlargemodeltechnology.Communicationandcomputation integration technology is based on core technical capabilities such as thecoexistenceofcommunication andcomputationresources,functionalintegration,and serviceintegration,enablingtheevolutionofwirelessaccessnetworkcomputingandtheupgradeofgeneralintelligenceservices.Semanticcommunicationtechnologyfocusesonthemeaningandsignificanceoftransmittedinformation,aimingtoovercomethelimitationsimposedbyShannontheoryoncommunicationsystems.AIlargemodels,asoneofthemostprominentscientificdirections,continuously enhance the intelligent autonomous capabilities of communicationnetworks. ICDTintegrated wireless air interface technology includes integration of sensing andcommunications,airinterfaceAI,multipleaccessmethods,encodingandmodulation,massivemultiple-inputmultiple-output(MIMO),and near-field technology.These directions are alsocrucialenhancementsto5G.Novelairinterfacetechnologiesareessentialforconstructinga6Gnetworkwithstrongconnectivity,computingpower,intelligence,andsecurity.Currently,thesetechnologieshavecompletedthedesignoftechnicalandprototypesolutionsandareundergoingtesting.IntermsofthenetworkarchitectureofICDTintegration,service-orientednetworks,nativeAI,digital twin networks,multidimensional networking,and user-centric networks are keyresearchdirections.ThenewnetworkarchitecturehelpspropeltheICDTintegrated6Gnetworkstowardsa new generation of mobile information networks with sensing,computation,andintelligence,providingcomprehensivecoverageacrossair,land,andspace. TheresearchonICDTintegrated6Gtechnologyisgraduallytransitioningfromisolatedtechnicalresearchtowards systematic construction and industry consensus.This article advocates forstrengtheninginterdisciplinary research and collaboration in the field of information andcommunicationtechnology,drivenbydemand,toacceleratejointtacklingofbasictheoriesandbottlenecktechnicalissuesandfostercollaborativeinnovation.Simultaneously,emphasisshouldbeplacedonthetransformationofinterdisciplinaryinnovationtowardsapplicationandservices,nurturingindustrial ecosystems at the application layer,and incubating new businesses andapplications.Finally,furthereffortsshouldbemadetoenhanceinternationalcooperation,with 目录 2.2.1基本概述.............................................................................................122.2.2关键技术.............................................................................................132.2.3应用与挑战.........................................................................................15 3.ICDT融合的无线空口..........................................................................................22 3.1通感一体.......................................................................................................223.1.1典型应用场景.....................................................................................223.1.2关键技术与挑战.................................................................................233