阿特斯太阳能2023年度报告

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. YesNo Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,”“accelerated filer,”and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition periodfor complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error topreviously issued financial statements. Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executiveofficers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). Table of Contents INTRODUCTION1FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION3PART I4ITEM 1.IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS7ITEM 2OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE7ITEM 3KEY INFORMATION8ITEM 4INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY61ITEM 4AUNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS88ITEM 5OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS88ITEM 6DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES112ITEM 7MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS132ITEM 8FINANCIAL INFORMATION133ITEM 9THE OFFER AND LISTING141ITEM 10ADDITIONAL INFORMATION142ITEM 11QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK159ITEM 12DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES161PART II161ITEM 13DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES161ITEM 14MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USEOF PROCEEDS161ITEM 15CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES162ITEM 16AAUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT163ITEM 16BCODE OF ETHICS164ITEM 16CPRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES164ITEM 16DEXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES164ITEM 16EPURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATEDPURCHASERS164ITEM 16FCHANGE IN REGISTRANT’S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT164ITEM 16GCORPORATE GOVERNANCE164ITEM 16HMINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE165ITEM 16IDISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENTINSPECTIONS165ITEM 16JINSIDER TRADING POLICIES165ITEM 16KCYBERSECURITY165PART III167ITEM 17FINANCIAL STATEMENTS167ITEM 18FINANCIAL STATEMENTS167ITEM 19EXHIBITS167SIGNATURES168 INTRODUCTION Unless otherwise indicated, references in this annual report on Form 20-F to: ● “AC” and “DC” refer to alternating current and direct current, respectively;● “AUD” and “Australian dollars” refer to the legal currency of Australia;● “BRL” and “Brazilian reals” refer to the legal currency of Brazil;● “Canadian Solar Inc.” refers to Canadian Solar Inc., an Ontario, Canada corporation;● “China” and the “PRC” refer to the People’s Republic of China, excluding, for the purposes of this annualreport on Form 20-F, Taiwan and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau;● “COD” refers to commercial operation date;● “CSI”, “we”, “us”, “our company” and “our” refer to Canadian Solar Inc., its predecessor entities and itsconsolidated subsidiaries;● “CSI Solar” refers to CSI Solar Co., Ltd.;● “C$” and “Canadian dollars” refer to the legal currency of Canada;● “EPC” refers to engineering, procurement and construction;● “EU” refers to the European Union;● “FIT” refers to feed-in tariff;● “FIP” refers to feed-in premium;● “GAAP” refers to generally accepted accounting principles;● “Korea” refer to the Republic of Korea, also commonly known as “South Korea”;● “OBCA” refers to theBusiness CorporationAct (Ontario);● “O&M services” refers to operation and maintenance services;● “PPA” refers to power purchase agreement;● “PV” refers to photovoltaic. The photovoltaic effect is a process by which sunlight is converted intoelectricity;● “RMB” and “Renminbi” refer to the legal currency of China;● “U.S.” and “USA” refers to the United States of America;● “SEC” refers to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission;● “shares” and “common shares” refer to common shares, with no par value, of Canadian Solar Inc.;● “THB” and “Thai baht” refer to the legal currency of Thailand;● “U.K.” refers to the United Kingdom;● “VPPA” refers to virtual power purchase agreement;●“W”, “kW”, “MW” and “GW” refer to watts, kilowatts, megawatts and gigawatts