PUBLIC–PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP MONITOR INDIADECEMBER 2022 PUBLIC–PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP MONITOR INDIADECEMBER 2022 Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO)© 2022 Asian Development Bank6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City, 1550 Metro Manila, PhilippinesTel +63 2 8632 4444; Fax +63 2 8636 2444www.adb.orgSome rights reserved. Published in 2022.ISBN 978-92-9269-689-4 (print); 978-92-9269-690-0 (electronic); 978-92-9269-691-7 (ebook)Publication Stock No. SGP220341-2 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/SGP220341-2The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent.ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by ADB in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or by using the term “country” in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/. By using the content of this publication, you agree to be bound by the terms of this license. For attribution, translations, adaptations, and permissions, please read the provisions and terms of use at https://www.adb.org/terms-use#openaccess.This CC license does not apply to non-ADB copyright materials in this publication. If the material is attributed to another source, please contact the copyright owner or publisher of that source for permission to reproduce it. ADB cannot be held liable for any claims that arise as a result of your use of the material.Please contact pubsmarketing@adb.org if you have questions or comments with respect to content, or if you wish to obtain copyright permission for your intended use that does not fall within these terms, or for permission to use the ADB logo.Corrigenda to ADB publications may be found at http://www.adb.org/publications/corrigenda.Notes: In this publication, “$” refers to United States dollars.ADB recognizes “Bangalore” as Bengaluru and “Orissa” as Odisha.On the cover: Clock tower in Gujarat, India as part of the Rajasthan Urban Infrastructure Development Project; the liquid natural gas storage facility in Dahej, Gujarat, India’s first LNG import and regasification terminal; the 50.4 megawatts of turbines dominate the landscape around Khanke in Maharashtra, India; urban drainage station at Lohiya College in Churu, Rajasthan; and a lab technician taking blood samples for a patient in Medanta Hospital’s lab sample collection in Gurugram, India (photos by Rakesh Sahai, Ian Taylor, and Amit Verma).Cover page prepared by Claudette Rodrigo. ContentsTables and Figures ....................................................................................... vForeword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xAcknowledgments ....................................................................................... xiiDefinition of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiiiAbbreviations ............................................................................................ xixGuide to Understanding the Public–Private Partnership Monitor ....................................... xxiiOverview ............................................................................................. xxiiNational Public–Private Partnership Landscape Indicators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiiiSector-Specific Public–Private Partnership Landscape Indicators ...................................... xxivLocal Government Public–Private Partnership Landscape ............................................. xxvCritical Macroeconomic and Infrastructure Sector Indicators .......................................... xxviTime Periods ......................................................................................... xxviCurrency Equivalents .................................................................................... xxviiI . Overview ............................................................................................ 1II . National Public–Private Partnership Landscape ..................................................... 10III . Sector-Specific Public–Private Partnership