加强区域连通性导致尼泊尔人口贩运的脆弱性

公开披露授权公开披露授权公开披露授权公开披露授权第一部分脆弱性尼泊尔的人口贩运从增强区域性连接性2021 年 12 月 © 2021 国际复兴开发银行/世界银行 1818 H Street NW华盛顿特区 20433电话：202-473-1000 互联网：www.worldbank.org本文中表达的调查结果、解释和结论不一定反映世界银行、其执行董事会或它们所代表的政府的观点。世界银行不保证本文中包含的数据的准确性。本作品中任何地图上显示的边界、颜色、面额和其他信息并不意味着世界银行对任何领土的法律地位或对此类边界的认可或接受作出任何判断。权利和许可本作品中的材料受版权保护。由于世界银行鼓励传播其知识，只要注明对本作品的全部出处，本作品可以全部或部分复制用于非商业目的。有关权利和许可（包括附属权利）的任何疑问，应发送至 World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA；传真：202-522-2625；电子邮件：pubrights@worldbank.org。图片来源：Samuele Poletti 的封面照片——Jumla Sinja 山谷春天的稻田种植园。 Tashi Wongdi Gurung 的封底——尼泊尔-中国边境的展览场地。如有任何疑问，请联系Jaya Sharma，高级社会发展专家 (jsharma2@worldbank.org)Binny Varma，项目助理 (bvarma@worldbank.org) 内容首字母缩略词.................................................. ..................................................... ......................三致谢 .................................................... ..................................................... ............iv执行摘要 ................................................ ..................................................... ............v第 1 章简介................................................................. ..................................................... ............1背景................................................. ..................................................... ............1迁移、连通性和人口贩运................................................................ ............2尼泊尔的道路连通性................................................................ .........................................................3尼泊尔的人口贩运................................................................ ...................................................5国际、地区和国家法律框架..........................................................7尼泊尔打击人口贩运的主要行动者.......................... ............9第 2 章研究方法.................................................................. ..................................................................................................................................................................11目标.................................................. ..................................................... ....................................................................................11研究问题................................................ .....................................................12数据收集工具.................................................................. .....................................................13样本量和研究地点...................................................... .....................................14受访者和主要知情人................................................................ ...................................15挑战和局限.................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................16研究伦理................................................................ ..................................................... ............16第 3 章通过交通基础设施增强连通性................................................................17政策和举措 .................................................... ..................................................18增加流动性.................................................................. ..................................................... ...19研究区域的流动性和迁移模式................................................................ ............22安全跨境管理.................................................................. ....................................................................................................................................24第 4 章连通性对社区的影响................................................................ .....................29积极影响.................................................................. ..................................................... ......29负面影响.................................................................. ..................................................... ......30对贩运的影响................................................................ .....................................................31第 5 章 易受贩运影响 ................................................... ...................................................35社区的脆弱性...................................................... .....................................35容易被贩运...................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................................37第 6 章. 人口贩运过程和模式 ................................................... ............43人口贩运热点...................................................... ..................................................44招聘途径和方法.................................................................. .........................................................................................................