What a Waste 2.0 : A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050

What a Waste 2.0 Urban Development SeriesThe Urban Development Series discusses the challenge of urbanization and what it will mean for developing countries in the decades ahead. The series aims to delve substantively into a range of core issues related to urban devel-opment that policy makers and practitioners must address.Cities and Climate Change: Responding to an Urgent AgendaClimate Change, Disaster Risk, and the Urban Poor: Cities Building Resilience for a Changing WorldEast Asia and Pacific Cities: Expanding Opportunities for the Urban PoorEast Asia’s Changing Urban Landscape: Measuring a Decade of Spatial GrowthThe Economics of Uniqueness: Investing in Historic City Cores and Cultural Heritage Assets for Sustainable DevelopmentFinancing Transit-Oriented Development with Land Values: Adapting Land Value Capture in Developing CountriesRegenerating Urban Land: A Practitioner’s Guide to Leveraging Private InvestmentTransforming Cities with Transit: Transit and Land-Use Integration for Sustainable Urban DevelopmentUrban Risk Assessments: Understanding Disaster and Climate Risk in CitiesWhat a Waste 2.0: A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050All books in the Urban Development Series are available free athttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/2174. What a Waste 2.0 A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050Silpa Kaza, Lisa Yao, Perinaz Bhada-Tata, and Frank Van WoerdenWith Kremena Ionkova, John Morton, Renan Alberto Poveda, Maria Sarraf, Fuad Malkawi, A.S. Harinath, Farouk Banna, Gyongshim An, Haruka Imoto, and Daniel Levine © 2018 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.orgSome rights reserved.1 2 3 4 21 20 19 18This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The fi ndings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily refl ect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifi cally reserved.Rights and PermissionsThis work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions:Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: Kaza, Silpa, Lisa Yao, Perinaz Bhada-Tata, and Frank Van Woerden. 2018. What a Waste 2.0: A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050. Urban Development Series. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648 -1329-0. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGOTranslations—If you create a translation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This translation was not created by The World Bank and should not be considered an offi cial World Bank translation. The World Bank shall not be liable for any content or error in this translation.Adaptations—If you create an adaptation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This is an adaptation of an original work by The World Bank. Views and opinions expressed in the adaptation are the sole responsibility of the author or authors of the adaptation and are not endorsed by The World Bank.Third-party content—The World Bank does not necessarily own each component of the content contained within the work. The World Bank therefore does not warrant that the use of any third-party-owned individual component or part contained in the work will not infringe on the rights of those third parties. The risk of claims resulting from such infringement rests solely with you. If you wish to reuse a component of the work, it is your responsibility to determine whether permission is needed for that reuse and to obtain permission from the copyright owner. Examples of components can include, but are not limited to, tables, fi gures, or images.All queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org.ISBN (paper): 978-1-4648-1329-0ISBN (electronic): 978-1-4648-1347-4DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1329-0Cover photo: © Tinnakorn Jorruang / Shutterstock. Used with permission. Further permission required for reuse. Cover design: Debra Malovany, World Bank.Photo credits: All photos