推进数字机构：数据中介的力量（英）

Advancing Digital Agency: The Power of Data IntermediariesINSIGHT REPORTFEBRUARY 2022 ContentsPrefaceExecutive summary1 The challenge: Human–technology interaction and the data value chain1.1 Introduction: The trust gap in data sharing1.2 Introducing data intermediaries1.3 Exploring data value chains2 The opportunity: Trustworthy human-centric data intermediaries2.1 Data intermediary organizational models 2.2 The policy environment2.3 Human-centricity and fiduciary duty3 Moving towards trusted digital agency3.1 The role of digital identity in supporting human agency 3.2 Automated decision-making3.3 A potential trusted digital agency model4 Reshaping human–technology interaction4.1 How the use of data intermediaries shapes human– technology interaction 4.2 User experience design consequences of using a third- party digital agent5 Levers of action 5.1 For governments: Future-proof regulatory support5.2 For businesses: A policy leadership roleConclusionGlossaryContributorsAcknowledgementsEndnotes345 691113141718202125262829 30 3132363739414243Images: Getty Images© 2022 World Economic Forum. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system.Disclaimer This document is published by the World Economic Forum as a contribution to a project, insight area or interaction. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are a result of a collaborative process facilitated and endorsed by the World Economic Forum but whose results do not necessarily represent the views of the World Economic Forum, nor the entirety of its Members, Partners or other stakeholders.2Advancing towards Digital Agency: The Role of Trusted Data Intermediaries PrefaceThe power of the data ecosystem has never been greater but the system itself is becoming more difficult to navigate due to increasing complexity. We share and receive data every day to interact with the technologies that serve us, whether in a personal or commercial context. Data value chains then funnel, use and reuse that data, usually for commercial or public interest purposes. These value chains, often involving personal data, are at best complicated to follow; at worst they can lead to mistrust in data sharing and can potentially give cover to bad actors. Contrasted with this complexity is our reliance on data sharing both as our way of life and as the backbone of the global data economy and the key to technological innovation.If mistrust in the data ecosystem acts as a point of failure leading to suboptimal outcomes for us all, what can be done? What if there was a better way whereby data could be more easily traced, more easily permissioned, more easily controlled by data rights holders (including people) across the data ecosystem? The power of the data ecosystem has never been greater but the system itself is becoming more difficult to navigate.Anne Josephine Flanagan Data Policy and Governance Lead, World Economic ForumSheila Warren Deputy Head, Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution Network, World Economic ForumAdvancing Digital Agency: The Power of Data IntermediariesFebruary 2022Navigating the data ecosystemTowards trusted digital agency In this report, the World Economic Forum’s Task Force on Data Intermediaries, composed of business, academic and civil society actors worldwide, explores these questions and more. Building on the Forum’s Redesigning Data Privacy: Reimagining Notice & Consent for Human-technology Interaction1 report, the task force examines data value chain scenarios as they already exist today – and may exist in the future – with a view to improving both human–technology interaction and data sharing more broadly. In an era that has policy-makers moving beyond just privacy laws and to grapple with developing policy levers designed to support data-sharing for common purposes, the task force shares what it has learned to support responsible policies. The value-added use of data intermediaries as a key to unlocking complexity and building trust holds the promise of protecting the interests of data sharers and data subjects alike – and ultimately that of society.Taking lessons from global business, the research community and cutting-edge technology design, we explore best practices in the use of data intermediaries. We identify various models, including the organizational data intermediary, such as the data trust, that assumes a fiduciary duty. We explore the automated gateway that predetermines standard rules. And we look to the future, to the artificially intelligent agent that allows for autonomous third-party decision-making on our behalf, with its associated promises and perils. Finally, although any views expressed do not represent the views of any individual taskforce member or their organizations, we invite you to join us on this journey of exploration as we unearth and bu