提高印尼教师和学校领导能力：小学Guru Pengerak项目的影响评估（英）

Improving Teachers and School Leadership in IndonesiaNoviandri N. Khairina, Noah Yarrow, Jacobus Cilliers, and Indah S.Z. Dini. Impact Evaluation of Guru Penggerak Program at the Primary LevelPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized IMPROVING TEACHERS AND SCHOOL LEADERSHIP IN INDONESIA: IMPACT EVALUATION OF GURU PENGGERAK PROGRAM AT THE PRIMARY LEVEL02This report was prepared by Noviandri N. Khairina,Noah Yarrow, Jacobus Cilliers, and Indah S.Z. Dini. AcknowledgementThis work is a product of the staff of The World Bank. Financial support for this work was generously provided by the Australian Government through the Australia-World Bank Indonesia Partnership (ABIP). This research product also benefited from additional financing that comes from the China-World Bank Trust Fund. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions© 2023 The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org Some rights reservedThe material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for non-commercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. All queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org. AttributionPlease cite the work as follows: Khairina, Noviandri; Yarrow, Noah; Cilliers, Jacobus; Dini, Indah. 2023. Improving Teachers and School Leadership in Indonesia: Impact Evaluation of Guru Penggerak Program at the Primary Level. World Bank, Jakarta. © World Bank. Contact Information The authors can be contacted at nkhairina@worldbank.org, ejc93@georgetown.edu, idini@worldbank.org. Photo Credit:Cover and Chapter Opening: Freepik, MidjourneyImproving Teachers and School Leadership in Indonesia: Impact Evaluation of Guru Penggerak Program at the Primary Level IMPROVING TEACHERS AND SCHOOL LEADERSHIP IN INDONESIA: IMPACT EVALUATION OF GURU PENGGERAK PROGRAM AT THE PRIMARY LEVEL03Table of ContentsTable of ContentsTables and FiguresAbbreviations and acronymsAcknowledgementExecutive Summary1. Understanding the Context: Indonesia’s Education System2. New Wave of Reforms: Emancipated Learning3. The Program – Pendidikan Guru Penggerak (PGP)Program Design, Delivery, and CurriculumSelection processTheory of Change4. MethodologyEmpirical Approach for the Impact Evaluation—Regression Discontinuity DesignSample Selection - Examining the Cutoff for SelectionLimitations5. Data and InstrumentsImplementation Assessment (phone survey)School Visit for Impact EvaluationInstrumentsConstruction of Indicators and IndicesTiming of Data CollectionDescriptive Statistics6. ResultsPhone Survey for Implementation Assessment ResultsImpact Evaluation ResultsQuality of Implementation and Other Training ProgramsSelf-reflecting and Self-improving TeachersStudent-centered TeachingLeadership: Communities of Learning, Coaching, and School visionAdditional Findings from This Evaluation7. Conclusions and RecommendationsReferencesAppendix 1 – Pendidikan Guru PenggerakAppendix 2 – Teach Classroom Observation Instrument:Appendix 3 – Empirical StrategyAppendix 4 – Additional Tables and Results4455610121414161718181921222223232828283030333436374244485253606465 IMPROVING TEACHERS AND SCHOOL LEADERSHIP IN INDONESIA: IMPACT EVALUATION OF GURU PENGGERAK PROGRAM AT THE PRIMARY LEVEL04List of TablesTable 1 Comparison of 'Penggerak’ programs in the Merdeka Belajar reformTable 2 Sample for Phone Survey and School Visit Data CollectionTable 3 Summary of Phone Survey Data CollectionTable 4 Mapping between MoECRT’s groupings of final outcomes and our evaluation instrumentsTable 5 Description of the Teach classroom observation instrumentTable 6 Summary of the MoECRT classroom observation instrumentTable 7 Teacher Characteristics - by PGPTable 8 Summary of main resultsTable 9 Quality of Implementation by DistrictTable 10 Exposure to training (by selection into Batch 5)Table 11 TOC I. Self-reflection and self-developmentTable 12 Leadership confidence and aspirationsTable 13 Leadership confidence and aspirations (by gender)Table 14 School Principal’s pe