An Eye on Methane International Methane Emissions Observatory 2022 Report © 2022 United Nations Environment ProgrammeISBN: 978-92-807-3965-7 Job number: DTI/2462/PAThis publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit services without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. The United Nations Environment Programme would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source.No use of this publication may be made for resale or any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the United Nations Environment Programme. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Director, Communication Division, United Nations Environment Programme, P. O. Box 30552, Nairobi 00100, Kenya.DisclaimersThe designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory or city or area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Mention of a commercial company or product in this document does not imply endorsement by the United Nations Environment Programme or the authors. The use of information from this document for publicity or advertising is not permitted. Trademark names and symbols are used in an editorial fashion with no intention on infringement of trademark or copyright laws.The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Environment Programme. We regret any errors or omissions that may have been unwittingly made.© Maps, photos and illustrations as specifiedProductionUnited Nations Environment Programme (2022). An Eye on Methane: International Methane Emissions Observatory.The electronic copy of this report can be downloaded at www.unep.org/methaneSuggested citationUnited Nations Environment Programme (2022). An Eye on Methane: International Methane Emissions Observatory 2022. NairobiSupported byAn Eye on Methane International Methane Emissions Observatory 2022 ReportUNEP IMEO 2022 Report The report was prepared by: Roland Kupers, Daniel Zavala-Araiza, Giulia Ferrini, Stefan Schwietzke, Erin Tullos, Cynthia Randles, James France, Luis Guanter, Manfredi Caltagirone, Meghan Demeter and Marci Baranski with support from Adolfo Contreras Ruiz Esparza, Ricardo Alonso Esparza Gamez, Robert Field and Malgorzata Kasprzak.Valuable coordination was provided by: Sophie Loran, Chenchen Lin, Monika Oczkowska and Kamilia Lahrichi.Editing: Lisa MastnyDesign and layout: David Andrade ( Cover, figures and layout )The authors would like to thank the following partners who supported this report with their important contributions, input, comments and reviews: Andris Piebalgs from the European University InstituteHiroshi Hashimoto from the Institute of Energy Economics, Japan ; Steve Hamburg from Environmental Defense Fund ; Euan Nisbet from Royal Holloway, University of London ; Lena Höglund Isaksson from the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis ;Paul Wennberg from California Institute of Technology ;Shamil Matsyutov from the National Institute for Environmental Studies in Japan ; Rick Duke, Claire Wang, Daniel Rochberg and Jonathan Moch from the U.S. Department of State ; Brendan Devlin, Lukasz Lisicki, Kitti Nyitrai, Joana Simão Costa, Malcolm McDowell and Dinko Raytchev from the European Commission ;Mark Radka, Sheila Aggarwal-Khan, Andrea Hinwood from UNEP and Martina Otto from UNEP-Climate and Clean Air Coalition.AcknowledgmentsPhoto credit: pexels-johannes-havnUNEP IMEO 2022 Report IIIIIUNEP IMEO 2022 Report Table of ContentsGlossary Executive Summary IMEO is on the roadOGMP 2.0 is delivering a community for collective action IMEO is a catalyst for action on the Global Methane PledgeIntroduction Foreword from the EU Energy CommissionerForeword from UNEP Executive Director1. FIVE SECTORS, ONE GASIMEO’s scope is expanding to cover other sectors with methane emissions 1.1 Five Different Systems IMEO considers the following diverse sectors: oil and gas, coal, waste, rice and livestock1.2 Multi-scale Measurement-Based ApproachesReducing uncertainty in methane emissions and tracking progress in support of the GMP2. OGMP 2.0 OIL AND GAS ANALYSIS FOR 20222.1 OGMP 2.0 in Its Second YearOGMP 2.0 grows and is a community of practice for continuous learning and improvement2.2 Uncertainty & ReconciliationSite- and source-level reconciliation, with rigorous characterization of uncertainty 2.3 Key insights fr