中国扩大与联合国发展支柱的接触

STUDYChina has become an increas-ingly visible player in UN devel-opment work. In light of the fnancial and political resources at its disposal, however, China’s engagement has largely re-mained moderate and selective.China is taking an increasingly assertive and long-term ap-proach towards changing some of the traditional contours of UN development work, with the Global Development Initiative as the most recent example.Contrary to Western Member States, China can capitalise on the combination of its roles as a superpower and a UN pro-gramme country to expand ties with the UN, notably through South-South cooperation.CHINA’S EXPANDING ENGAGEMENT WITH THE UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PILLARGLOBAL AND REGIONAL ORDERMax-Otto Baumann, Sebastian Haugand Silke WeinlichNovember 2022The Selective Long-term Approach of a Programme Country Superpower CHINA’S EXPANDING ENGAGEMENT WITH THE UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PILLARGLOBAL AND REGIONAL ORDERThe Selective Long-term Approach of a Programme Country Superpower Content 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 22 DRAWING THE CONTOURS: MONEY AND PEOPLE ..................................................................... 5 2.1 China’s funding ...................................................................................... 5 2.2 Chinese staff ........................................................................................ 12 3 COLOURING THE PICTURE: KEY DIMENSIONS OF CHINA’S ENGAGEMENT ............ 18 3.1 China-led initiatives .............................................................................. 18 3.2 “Chinese language” ............................................................................. 22 3.3 China’s approach to leadership ............................................................. 25 3.4 China’s diplomacy and alliances ............................................................ 294 CONNECTING THE DOTS: PATTERNS IN CHINA’S ENGAGEMENT ............................... 335 COMING TO TERMS WITH CHINA’S ENGAGEMENT: FINDINGS AND IMPLICATIONS .............................................. 36 References ..................................................................................................40 List of Tables and Figures ............................................................................44 List of Abbreviations ...................................................................................45 2FRIEDRICH-EBERT-STIFTUNG – CHINA’S EXPANDING ENGAGEMENT WITH THE UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PILLARDespite this remarkable Chinese outreach, there has been relatively little scholarly engagement with China’s evolving role in UN development work. The literature has mostly fo-cused on other aspects of China’s approach to the broader UN system: China’s role in the UN General Assembly and the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) (ISHR 2021; see Taskinen 2020), in particular with regard to the UN’s human rights pillar (Inboden 2019; Okano-Heijmans and van der Putten 2018; Piccone 2018; Zhang and Buzan 2019); the UN Security Council and peacekeeping (Fung 2018; Lagon and Lou 2018; Lanteigne 2019; Primiano 2019); and global gov-ernance more generally (Beeson and Li 2016; Mao 2019). The lack of attention to development-related matters at the UN surprises, given that China has marked development as a key policy feld through its more advanced involvement with international development banks and high-powered bilateral initiatives such as BRI. Academic work that address-es China’s role in the UN development system mostly focus-es on funding (Mao 2020; Morris et al. 2021) and staffng is-sues (Fung and Lam 2021) that are amenable to quantitative analysis but cover only a section of China’s rising engage-ment with the UN development work (for an exception, see Chen et al. 2020). For many observers, and in particular those from the West-ern world,5 China’s engagement with the UN development system is inherently ambiguous. In recent years, China has sent mixed signals about its intentions, giving rise to two di-verging narratives about its growing role in UN develop-ment work. On the one hand, China has publicly declared its commitment to UN multilateralism and the 2030 Agen-da. It has made considerable and diverse efforts to bring in its expertise in poverty alleviation and other develop-ment-related issues to help implement the Sustainable De-velopment Goals (SDGs). Key Chinese policy documents, such as the 2021 white paper “China’s International Devel-opment Cooperation in the New Era” or the advertisement of the GDI, further nourish the expectation that China as-pires to fulfl the role of a ‘good international citizen’, and 5 When we refer to “Western world”, “Western countries” or “West”, we broadly mean members of the Western European and Others Gr